338 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, February 28, 1860. 
July Green Gage (Seine Claude Hdtive). —Fruit tlie 
size and shape of the Green Gage. Skin thin, of a fine 
deep yellow colour, flushed with bright crimson on the 
side next the sun, and strewed with darker crimson dots ; 
the whole covered with a delicate white bloom. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, slightly depressed. Flesh 
deep yellow, very tender and juicy, sugary, and richly 
flavoured, separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 
A first-rate and most delicious early plum, equal in 
all respects to the Green Gage, and ripening in the end 
of July. 
Keyser’s Plum. See Hidings' Superb. 
Kirke’s. —Fruit above medium size, round, and marked 
with a very faint suture. Skin dark purple, with a few 
yellow dots, and covered with a thick blue bloom. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a slight de¬ 
pression. Flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, sugary, 
and very richly flavoured, separating from the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 
A delicious dessert plum. Kipe in the beginning and 
middle of September. 
Kirke’s Stoneless. See Stoneless. 
Knevctt’s Late Orleans. See Nelsons Victory. 
Knight’s Green Drying (Large Green Drying ).— 
Fruit large, round, and marked with a shallow suture. 
Skin greenish-yellow, and covered with thin white bloom. 
Flesh yellowish, firm, not very juicy, sugary, and richly 
flavoured when highly ripened ; adhering to the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 
A dessert plum. Kipe in the middle and end of Sep¬ 
tember ; and succeeds best against a wall. 
Knight’s No. 6. See Ickworth Imperatrice. 
Large Green Drying. See Knight’s Green Drying. 
Late Green Gage (Seine Claude d’October; Seine 
Claude Tardive). —Fruit of the same shape but smaller 
than the Green Gage. Skin greenish-yellow, covered 
with thin white bloom. Stalk stout, three quarters of an 
inch long. Flesh green, juicy, rich and sugary, separat¬ 
ing from the stone. Shoots smooth. 
A dessert plum. Kipe in the end of September and 
beginning of October. 
(To be continued.) 
NEW BOOKS. 
The Strawberry.* —There is a good deal of useful information 
in this pamphlet; but Mr. Cuthill does others and himself a 
wrong by not giving a list of other good Strawberries besides 
His own seedlings. The following extracts will show the nature 
of its contents; but the Strawberry, contrary to Mr. Cuthill’s 
statement, bore that name long before the reign of Queen 
Anne. The very first book we take from our shelves, “ The 
Gardeners’ Labyrinth,” published in 1594, has a part of one 
of its chapters devoted to the “ Strawberie.” It says, “This 
hearbe by diligence of the gardener becometh so great that 
the same yeeldeth faire and big beries, as the beries of the 
Bramble in the hedge, and hereof it seemeth that Yirgilius 
Servius named the Strawberie ‘ The Mulberie of the earth.’ 
Certaine skilfull men, by a diligence and care, procure the Beries 
to alter from the proper red coulour, unto a faire white, delectable 
to the eye.” 
Mr. Cuthill says— 
“ Strawberry growing has rapidly increased during the last ten 
years. It is scarcely a quarter of a century ago, that the author 
of this, when found by his employer watering forced Strawberries 
with a strong manure water, was threatened with dismissal if he 
used any more of that nasty fluid for his Strawberries! This 
same employer, only about three years ago, remarked how vastly 
things had altered; adding, that he much approved of liquid 
manure, and that the author’s case was not to be compared with 
that of the old Dutch gardener, who came over to England in 
Queen Anne’s time, and settled on the Grosvenor estate, between 
Yauxhall and Chelsea. The Dutchman knew, that unless the 
* The Culture of the Strawberry as practised by the Author. By James 
Cuthill, Camberwell. 
refuse from the ground was again put back, the crops must fail 
for want of nourishment. An action-at-law was commenced 
against him; but the landlord forgave him, provided he would 
not again poison the land with his filthy stuff! 
The Strawberry, up to the time of the Dutch gardener’s arrival 
in England, was called Woodberry. One year a very heavy 
hailstorm came over London, and spoiled all the Woodberries 
with grit and mould ; next year the gardeners laid straw under 
them, and, from't hat time, they have been called Strawberries. 
“This most delicious and wholesome fruit is very largely 
cultivated for the London markets, and more fruit is even con¬ 
sumed in the villages surrounding the metropolis than in the 
largest provincial town in England. It is indeed difficult to 
discover the correct acreage devoted to the growth of this delight¬ 
ful fruit in the suburbs of London, but it may be fairly estimated 
to be about three hundred acres.” 
“ I never cut the leaves, nor yet the roots, nor at any time cut 
off or remove the dead leaves.” 
Sewage as a Manure. f—The author is a very strenuous 
advocate of the use of sewage as a fertiliser, and of the detaining 
it from polluting our rivers. He justly says that by allowing it 
to run into those streams their water “ is being defiled, manure 
wasted, and land starved.” The reader will find in the pamphlet 
some very sensible remarks, and a numerous collection of 
authorities quoted to sustain them. 
HAKDY FLOWEKING HERBACEOUS PLANTS. 
(Continued from, page 285.) 
BUPLEURUAI—Hake’s Ear. 
Nat. ord., Umbellifene. Linn. Pentandria Digynia, 
Generic Character. — Fruit ovate-oblong, obtuse, with ribs 
prominent, acute, and abrupt; interstices flat; juncture con¬ 
tracted. Calyx none. Petals equal, broadish-wedge-shaped, 
very short, involute. Styles very short. Floral receptacle 
none. Flowers all perfect and regular. 
Bupleurum aureiim (golden). Leaves coriaceous, radical ones 
ovate, ovate-oblong, obovate, attenuated at base into the 
petioles ; stem ones ovate, acute, stem-clasping; involucre 
leaves three to five, nearly orbicular, mucronate; involucel 
leaves live, conforming to those of involucre, coloured, longer 
than the flowering umbels. 1 ft. Yellow*. May. Siberia. 
B. coriaceum (leathery). Leaves lanceolate, narrowed each way, 
entire, sessile ; involucres and involucels reflexed. 1ft. Striped. 
August. Gibraltar. 
B. falcatum (sickle-leaved). Leaves oblong, lower ones oblong, 
petiolate; stem ones sessile, linear-lanceolate, attenuated at 
both ends; involucel leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated. 
6 in. Green and Yellow. August. Germany. 
B. Graminifolium (grass-leaved). Stem nearly naked ; radical- 
leaves linear ; involucre leaves three to five, elongated ; invo¬ 
lucel leaves five to eight, oblong, mucronate. 6 in. Green 
and yellow. June. Switzerland. 
B. longifolium (long-leaved). Leaves ovate-oblong; radical 
ones petiolate; stem ones stem-clasping; involucre leaves three 
to five, ovate, rather acuminated; involucel leaves five. 3 ft. 
Green and yellow. June. Switzerland. 
B. alultinervum (many-nerved). Radical leaves oblong-linear, 
attenuated at both ends; stem leaves stem-clasping, ovate, 
acuminated; nerves many, parallel; involucel leaves five, 
ovate, acuminated, coloured. 3 ft. Yellow. Altai. 
B. paniculatum (panicled). Stem erect, panicled; leaves 
linear-narrow, many-nerved, radical leaves very long; umbels 
two and three-rayed; involucre leaves two and three, small; 
involucel leaves four and five, subulate ; fruit oblong. 1| ft. 
Yellow. July. Spain. 
B. PETRiEUM (rock). Involucre live-leaved ; involucels usually 
five-leaved, joined together; stem leaves corclate-lanceolate, 
stem-clasping; radical leaves linear. 1| ft. Green and 
yellow. July. Spain. 
B. polyphyllum (many-leaved). Stem erect, striated; leaves 
lanceolate, stem-clasping; umbel rays many, unequal; in¬ 
volucre almost none; involucel leaves six, lanceolate, acumi¬ 
nated. 1 ft. Green and yellow. May. Caucasus. 
B. Scorzoner.efoliuh (Scorzonera-leaved). Stem paniculately 
t The Reform of the Sewers, $c. By G. Rochfort Clarke, Esq., M.A. 
Oxford and London. 
