MIOCENE BYTHOCYPRIDID OSTRACODS 
111 
(Maddocks, 1969); B. (Bythotriangularia) promoza 
(Maddocks, 1973). 
Diagnosis. Carapace of medium size, inflated in 
dorsal view, subtriangular to oval in lateral view 
and with a strong anterior-posterior asymmetry. 
Inner lamellae moderately broad; adductor 
muscle scar pattern typically bythocypridid 
except that individual scars are commonly 
divided. 
Remarks. The subtriangular to oval carapace 
distinguishes B. (Bythotriangularia) from the 
more elongated, reniform to subreniform or 
subrectangular carapace of B. (Bythocypris). 
Although differences in soft part anatomy are 
unknown, the shape of the carapace is suffi¬ 
ciently distinct to warrant the recognition of B. 
(Bythotriangularia) as a separate taxon, especi¬ 
ally given the small differences in lateral cara¬ 
pace outline between other closely allied 
bythocypridid genera, such as Anchistrocheles 
s.s. and Orlovibairdia s.s. The lateral outline of 
B. (Bythotriangularia) is similar to that of some 
pontocvpridids but they can be easily distin¬ 
guished by their markedly different adductor 
muscle scar patterns. 
Bythocypris elongata Brady, 1880 may also 
belong to B. (Bythotriangularia) but it is more 
elongated than the other species included in the 
new subgenus and has a very narrow inner mar¬ 
gin. Teeter (1975) placed B. elongata in his new 
genus Triangulocypris, which he regarded as a 
bythocypridid. His description and illustrations 
of the adductor muscle scar pattern suggest, 
however, that Triangulocypris belongs to the 
Paracyprididae. and the genus was assigned to 
that family by van den Bold (1988). 
Consequently, B. elongata probably does not 
belong to Triangulocypris. 
Subfamily Pussellinae Danielopol in 
Maddocks, 1976 
Remarks. The subfamily name dates from Maddocks 
(1976). the earlier name Pussellidae Danielopol, 1973 
being unavailable because the type genus was a nomen 
nudum. 
Genus Anchistrocheles Brady & Norman, 
1889 
Type species. Anchistrocheles fumata Brady, 1890. 
Remarks. Anchistrocheles s.s. is here considered 
to include forms with a reniform to subreniform 
lateral outline, conspicuous differential com¬ 
pression along a narrow zone adjacent to the 
anterior, posterior and ventral margins of the 
lateral surface, and a very broad inner lamella 
evident except in a relatively small region adja¬ 
cent to the middle portion of the dorsal margin. 
Anchistrocheles s.s. differs from the deep water 
Zabythocypris in being larger, more robust and 
significantly less compressed in the middle of 
the carapace. It differs from Orlovibairdia s.s. in 
lacking marginal spinositv and in having slightly 
broader inner lamellae. 
A variety of forms with differing carapace fea¬ 
tures have been included in Anchistrocheles. One 
such group includes//, aculeata Muller, 1908,/l. 
aff. aculeata of Maddocks (1969) and A. sp. A 
Cronin, 1983. These forms, which are here 
assigned to the new genus Bythopussel/a , may be 
more closely related to the Caribbean interstitial 
genus Pussella Danielopol, 1976 than to Anchis¬ 
trocheles s.s. Another species group that was 
erroneously included in Anchistrocheles has 
already been discussed in the remarks on 
Bythocypris (Bythocypris). 
Anchistrocheles praebensoni sp. nov. 
Figs IE, 3A-B 
Anchistrocheles sp. 2.—Warne 1987: 441. 
Etymology. A reference to the similarity of this species 
to Anchistrocheles bensoni Maddocks, 1969. 
Holotype. Adult LV. female, NMV P122209 from near 
the top of the Fyansford Formation (Middle Miocene, 
Balcombian) in the south-west face of Batesford 
Limestone Quarry' near Fyansford, Victoria (base of 
upper quarry bench well above the upper limit of Lepi- 
docyclina sp., approximately 25 m above boundary 
with Batesford Limestone); 38°06'S, 144°17'E. 
Paratype. Adult RV, male, NMV PI22210. 
* Fig 2. A, B, Bythocypris (Bythocypris) subrectangulata sp. nov. A, LV internal, NMV P122202, holotype, female, 
x 71. B. RV internal. NMV PI22203, paratype, male, x 76. C. D. Bythocypris (Bythocypris) cf. affinis (Brady, 
1886). C, RV internal, NMV PI22205, male, x 71. D, LV internal, NMV P122204. female, x 78. E, F, Orlo¬ 
vibairdia mooraboolensis sp. nov. E, LV external, NMV P122211, holotype, female, x 89. F. RV internal, NMV 
P122212, paratype, male, x 90. G, H, Bythocypris (Bythocypris) sp. A. G, LV internal. NMV P122206, female?, x 
85. H, RV external, NM V P122207, male?, x 81.1, Bythocypris (Bythocypris) sp. B, LV internal, N M V P122208, 
x 78. A, B from Fyansford Formation (late Batesfordian), Batesford Limestone Quarry; C-F, I from Fyansford 
Formation (Balcombian), Batesford Limestone Quarry; G, H from Fyansford Formation (Balcombian), Fossil 
Beach, Mornington. 
