AUSTRALASIAN TERTIARY BRACHIOPODA 
31 
and adult loop of T.tanakura are unknown but 
the short median septum carries no evidence of 
connecting bands, indicating that a long re¬ 
flected loop would have been present. Since a 
loop of this type is found as the ultimate devel¬ 
opmental stage in all families and, since no other 
members of the Terebratellidae have been de¬ 
scribed from Japan, it is possible that Tanakura 
is also a dallinid genus, and the similarities in 
shape, size, beak and cardinalia are thus con¬ 
sidered homeomorphies resulting from the oc¬ 
cupation of sediments of similar type. Hatai 
(1940) described T. tanakura from coarse 
grained sandstones consisting of fragments of 
marine organisms and N. nipponensis from a 
shelf substrate of sand and shell fragments. 
Genus Anakinetica Richardson, 1987 
Type species. Terebratellaf?) Cumingii Davidson, 
1852 from the Recent of Australia. 
Other species. Terebratula conipta Sowerby, 1845; A. 
breva sp. nov.; A. recta sp. nov.; A. tumida sp. nov. 
Occurrence. Australia; Oligocene to Recent. 
Diagnosis . Sulcate. Beak suberect to straight; 
beak ridges sharp; symphytium wide, flat; cardi¬ 
nal margin straight or nearly straight. Hinge 
platform with posterior pits for attachment of 
dorsal adjustor muscles. Loop with ascending 
and descending branches separate or fused and 
with lateral connecting bands. 
Comments. Species of Anakinetica lack a hinge 
trough for attachment of the dorsal adjustor 
muscles. The solid hinge platform, formed by 
fusion of the socket ridges, crural bases, and the 
anterior surface of the cardinal process 
(Richardson 1987), contains two pits which 
flank the posterior surface of the cardinal pro¬ 
cess. In the living species A cumingii and also in 
Parakinetica steward, these pits serve as the sites 
of attachment of the dorsal adjustor muscles, 
and it is inferred that the pedicle of all fossil 
species included in the genus likewise would 
have been free and would have functioned in 
similar ratchet-like fashion. 
Species of Anakinetica differ externally in 
size, outline, beak length, curvature of the car¬ 
dinal margin, and in strength of sulcation. Inter¬ 
nally they differ in the length and height of the 
septum, stage of loop development, and in de¬ 
tails of the hinge platform. Two of these features 
appear to be linked. A short septum and a more 
advanced loop stage (with thin lateral connect¬ 
ing bands) are found in A. compta and A. breva. 
A long septum and wide connecting bands occur 
together in A. tumida and A. recta. The compon¬ 
ents of the hinge platform are fused but identifi¬ 
able in A. breva and A. tumida but are not 
identifiable in A, compta and A. recta. 
Key to species of Anakinetica 
(based on external features only) 
1. Beak length < 0.2 x valve length. A. breva 
— Beak length > 0.2 x valve length.2 
2. Cardinal margin curved, beak straight. A. recta 
— Cardinal margin straight or nearly straight, beak suberect.3 
3. Outline trapezoid, greatest width posterior to mid-length .. A. tumida 
— Outline ovate, greatest width at mid-length; anterior commissure 
strongly sulcate . A. compta 
Anakinetica compta (Sowerby in Strezlecki, 
1845) 
Fig. 1A-F 
Terebratula compta Sowerby in Strezlecki 1845: 
297, pi. 19, fig. 4 
Terebratella compta. —Tenison-Woods 1865: 2, pi. 
2, fig. 4a-e. 
non Terebratella compta. —Etheridge 1876: 19-20, 
pi. 2, fig. 5a-d [= Magadinella woodsiana (Tate, 
1880)]. 
non Magasella compta. —Tate 1880: 162-163, pi. 
10, fig. 6a-e [= A. breva sp. nov.]. 
Magadina compta. —Thomson 1915: 399, fig. 10 
Type material. See comments. 
Measurements. (In mm.) 
Specimen 
Total 
length 
Dorsal 
valve 
length 
Breadth Depth 
NMV P86974 
18.8 
15.0 
14.9 
8.9 
NMV P3748 
19.3 
14.8 
14.8 
9.0 
NMV P86973 
17.9 
13.6 
12.9 
8.9 
NMV P58903 
17.8 
13.6 
13.8 
8.9 
NMV PI34239 
18.5 
14.9 
15.5 
8.2 
