THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN’S COMPANION, March 3, 1857. 373 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
D 
M 
D 
W 
MARCH 3—9, 1857. 
Weather ni 
Barometer. 
car Lon 
Thermo. 
DON IN 
Wind. 
1856. 
Rain in 
Inches. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Moon 
R.&S. 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
bf. Sun. 
Day of 
Year. 
3 
Tu 
Ash (Fraxinus excelsior). 
30.577—30.630 
44—35 
N.E. 
— 
43 a. 6 
42 a. 5 
2 
28 
3 
12 
8 
62 
4 
W 
Ember Week. 
30.539—30.475 
44—33 
N.E. 
— 
41 
43 
3 
42 
8 
11 
55 
63 
5 
Th 
Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae) 
30.286-30.177 
45—33 
N.E. 
— 
38 
45 
4 
40 
9 
11 
41 
64 
6 
F 
Dog’s Violet (Viola canina). 
30.197—30.131 
44—27 
N.E. 
01 
36 
47 
6 
20 
10 
11 
27 
65 
7 
S 
Hairy Violet (V. hirta). 
30.350—30.230 
44—21 
N.E. 
— 
34 
48 
5 
47 
11 
11 
12 
66 
8 
Sun 
2 Sunday in Lent. 
30.341—30.297 
52—26 
S.E. 
— 
32 
50 
6 
9 
12 
10 
57 
67 
9 
M 
Small Perriwinkle (Vinca). 
30.232—30.131 
51—25 
W. 
— 
30 
52 
6 
21 
13 
10 
42 
68 
Meteorology op the Week. —At Chiswick, from observations during the last twenty-eight years, the average highest and lowest 
temperatures of these days are 48.9°, and 32.7°, respectively. The greatest heat, 6l°, occurred on the 7th, in 1841 ; and thelowest cold, 15°, 
ou the 4th, in 1852. During the period 122 days were fine, and on 74 rain fell. 
WOO'DSIA HYPERBO'REA. 
This has heeu called Acrostichum alpinum, Ceterach 
alpinum, Poly podium Jiyperboreum, P. Arvonicum, and 
Woodsia alpina. By some botanists it is considered 
merely a variety of Woodsia Ilvensis. In English it is 
known as the Alpine W^oodsia, Rounded-leaved Woodsia, 
and Hairy Polypody. 
Its roots are fibrous, very deeply penetrating, black, 
and tufted. Fronds narrow spear-head shaped in their 
general outline ; the lower third of each stem is without 
leaflets, but having a few hairs and light brown chaffy 
scales. The stem is united to the root by a joint, from 
which it falls off when the frond decays in autumn. 
Leaflets in pairs, quite or nearly opposite, smooth, tri¬ 
angular in their general outline, but with the angles 
rounded; deeply lobed and scolloped; mid-vein not 
strongly marked, and its side-veins are simple or only 
two-forked, reaching nearly to the edge of the lobes, and 
not far from the end of these side-veins is the frnoti¬ 
fication. This consists of from six to ten circular masses 
on each leaflet; they are large, light brown, and usually 
increase in size until they run together. The cover 
(indusium ) of each mass is divided into such numerous 
segments that the fructification seems imbedded in hairs. 
This will appear fully in our woodcut of Woodsia 
Ilvensis. 
In England and Ireland this very rare Fern has never 
been found. 
In Wales it has been discovered at Clogwyn-y- 
Garnedh and Moel Sichog, on Snowdon, at an elevation 
of not less than 2,500 feet. It is said to have grown on 
Glydr Fawr, Caernarvonshire, but recently it has been 
sought for there without success. 
In Scotland it occurs on Ben Lawers, Ben Chowzie, 
and the Clova Mountains; at Craig Chailleach and 
Mael Ghyrdy, in Perthshire; and in Glen Fiadh, in 
Forfarshire. 
We think it probable that this Fern is the Filix Cale- 
donica mentioned in 1704 by Ray, in the third volume 
of his Historia Plantarum, as being in the museum of 
Mr. Petiver. Whether this be so or not, Ray mentions 
it in the second edition of his Synopsis Stirpium Bri- 
tannicarum, published in 1696, where it is described by 
Mr. Lhwyd, its discoverer, as Filix alpina pedicularis 
rulroe foliis sabtus villosis (Alpine Fern, with red- 
rattle leaves hairy underneath). It was described and 
engraved during the same year in Plukenet’s Alma- 
gestum Botanicum, 150, t. 89,/. 8. Mr. Lhwyd says he 
never saw it except on wet, lofty rocks called Clogwyn-y- 
Garnedli, near the top of Snowdon, and that it is rare 
even there. It springs there from the edges of the rocks, 
not erect, but somewhat reclining. Dr. Richardson 
adds, in the third edition of the same Synopsis, that 
“it grows on a moist, black rock almost at the top of 
Clogwyn-y-Garnedli, facing north-west, directly above 
the lower lake.” 
We will give the cultivation in our next, when we 
describe Woodsia Ilvensis, for they require similar treat¬ 
ment. __ 
The new agricultural weekly journal, The Farmer’s 
Record, announced in our advertising columns as to 
appear next Friday, the 6th, will be a first-class paper. 
It will be distributed all over England by the railways 
on Friday afternoon, with reports of that day’s London 
No. CCCCXL. Vol. XVII. 
