THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, October 19, 1858. 
41 
stage will be a close one, as I purpose placing my pots upon sand ; 
but there will be a space of two feet under the stage, at the sides 
and front, from which 1 could ventilate, if you advise it, in pre¬ 
ference to letting air direct upon the plants, —which, by the way, 
I have sometimes thought injured and chilled them. Under 
this stage, on the ground level, I purpose growing mosses, and, as 
my house will be both span and hipped roofed, 1 calculate I shall 
have sufficient light for this purpose. Will you give a list of 
about twelve mosses that you would recommend ? I have only 
heat to keep out frost.” — C. R. Lucas. 
[Give air at the sides by all means. If the rough glass is good, 
and if common attention is used to air-giving, there will be no 
scorching. Get Hartley’s glass,—some rough is miserable stuff, full 
of spots and scores, and that will burn. As you use little heat, the 
following Lycopods will suit your purpose :— L. celopecuroides, 
L. clavatum, L. selagenoides, L. alpinum (British). L. Helveticum, 
L. denticulatum (Swiss), L.densum (New Holland), L. depressum 
(Cape of Good Hope), L. apodum, L. dendroideum, L. rupestre 
(North America), L. Carolinianum (North Carolina). Place these 
in pots, well drained, in fibry peat and loam. Keep moist, but 
allow no drip on them.] 
AMERICAN BLIGHT. 
“ My Apple trees, of which I have very many, in a large 
garden, in the shape of espaliers and dwarfs, are very much in¬ 
fested with the American blight, or bug. I have used some 
spirits of turpentine during the spring and summer, but it ap¬ 
peared to do much injury to the trees, by destroying the foliage 
and young shoots, on which the insects had fixed themselves. I 
have heard of clay being used, in the form of a thick paint, by 
means of water. Do you know anything of its utility, and can 
you recommend it, or anything else ? 
“ Being desirous of brewing my own beer, I shall feel much 
obliged, if you, or any of your correspondents, will furnish me 
with directions for brewing twenty-four gallons of bitter ale of 
good quality ? ”— An Amateur. 
[Clay paint, not over thick, if persevered in, will settle the 
enemy; but when it cracks in the heat of summer, you mustjust 
damp the place again. A boy with a brush would go over a 
great many trees, as espaliers, in a short time. The clay prevents 
breathing, and thus destroys life. Some size mixed with it would 
make it stick the better, and do no harm. Double size, with a 
little water, would do of itself, but be more expensive than clay. 
Will some correspondent be kind enough to answ'er the brewing 
question P We know some gardeners that could well do so,] 
AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
The seventh Meeting of the American Pomological Society 
took place on September 14th, in Mozart Hall. The last Meeting 
was held in Rochester, two years ago. Representatives were 
present from seventeen States. 
The Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, President of the Society, took 
the chair. Delegates from other societies presented their cre¬ 
dentials, and members paid their dues. 
The President read his address. We give some extracts from it: 
“Gentlemen,—I rise to announce the opening of the seventh 
session of our National Association, and to perform a service 
which its Constitution devolves upon your presiding officer. Ten 
years have completed then- course since the organisation of the 
American Pomological Society, in this commercial emporium. 
Some, who were active in its formation, have fulfilled their earthly 
mission, and now rest from their labours. Downing and others 
have passed away; but their names are still fragrant in our 
memories ; and their works still five. May they live for ever to 
enlighten and bless their fellow men. 
“ Since the organisation of tliis Society, in 1848, its example has 
been followed by the establishment of the British Pomological 
Society in London, the Societe Pomologie de Beige in Brussels, 
and of other similar organisations located at almost every point 
of our'Union—all working in harmony for the attainment of the 
most reliable and important results. These are aggregating the 
experience of the wisest and best cultivators, creating a taste for 
this useful and divinely-appointed art, proving what varieties are 
suited to each particular locality, and what to general cultivation. 
These, through the influence of the Horticultural and Agricultural 
press, are introducing fruit culture from the Canadas to Mexico, 
and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, bringing its numberless 
enjoyments within the means of the most humble cottager, and 
multiplying the luxuries which crown the tables of the opulent. 
The large, luxurious, and abundant fruits in the State of California, 
in the Territories of the Oregon and Washington, already rival, 
and in many instances surpass those of our older States, indeed of 
the countries of Europe. 
“ The transactions of our last session have been published 
generally by the periodical press of the United States. They were 
also translated and published in some of the languages of Europe; 
and your catalogue has already become a standard in American 
Pomology. Tliis it should be your object, at each biennial session, 
to revise, perfect, and promulgate, as the best means of prevent¬ 
ing those numerous impositions and frauds which, we regret to 
say, have been practised upon our fellow citizens by adventurous 
speculators or ignorant and unscrupulous vendors, who some¬ 
times use recommendations, hastily and injudiciously given, or sur¬ 
reptitiously obtained, greatly to the injury of the purchaser and 
fruit-grower, to the dealer and nurseryman, and to the cause of 
pomology.” 
He then proceeded to discuss the question,—can Pears be 
grown for market at a profit ? And in the course of his discussion 
adduced the following conclusive facts :—• 
“ The Eruit-Growers’ Society of Western New York, composed 
of gentlemen of deserved integrity and celebrity, some of whom 
are on this floor, and competent to defend their report, furnish the 
following instances from that section of the State. 
“ Three White Doyenne Pear trees, owned by Mr. Phinney, of 
Canandaigua, one of them small, produce 50 dols. to 60 dole, of 
fine fruit. 
“ A tree of the same variety, owned by Judge Howell, of the 
same place, seventy years of age, has not failed of a good crop for 
forty years, averaging, for the last twenty years, twenty bushels 
annually, and sold on the tree at 60 dols. per year. This tree has 
produced for the New York market 3,750 dols. worth of Pears. 
“ Three large trees, owned by Judge Taylor, of the same kind, 
yielded, in 1854, eleven barrels, and sold for 137 dols. 
“ A young orchard, owned by Mr. Chapin, of four hundred 
trees, eight years from planting, which produced in 1853 fifteen 
barrels, selling in New York for 450 dols., and in 1854, fifty 
barrels, yielding him 1U00 dols. 
“ Similar results have been realised in the State of Massa¬ 
chusetts. 
“William Bacon, of Roxbury, has about one acre devoted to 
the Pear. The oldest trees were planted eighteen years since, but 
more than half within a few years. From two trees—the Dix and 
Beurre Diet —he has realised more than one hundred dollars 
a-year, and for the whole crop, over one thousand dollars a-year. 
“ John Gordon, of Brighton, has three and one-fourth acres in 
his Pear orchard. This was commenced in 1841, there being only 
eight trees on the ground. There are now 1,200 trees, planted in 
various years, more than one-half of which since 1854. The 
amount received for his crop, from that date to the present, lias 
I been from five to six hundred dollars a year; but he remarks, ‘ If 
I had confined myself to a judicious selection of varieties, it would 
now bring me 2000 dols. per year.’ 
William R. Austin, of Dorchester, treasurer of the Massachu¬ 
setts Horticultural Society, has an orchard of between 500 and 
600 Pear trees, mostly on the Quince root. These trees are about 
twelve years of age. One hundred are Louise Bonne de Jersey. 
They commenced bearing about three years after planting, and 
have borne regular crops ever since. They are very healthy, and 
only eight of the whole number have died since the orchard was 
commenced. No account of the crops were kept until the year 
1851, but Mr. Austin’s sales for the next six years amounted to 
3,408 dols. 
“ The Messrs. Hovey, of Cambridge, have a very large collec¬ 
tion of bearing Pear trees. From two rows, 210 trees, grafted 
on the Quince, the crop has amounted, some years, to 25 barrels. 
“ John Hensliaw, of Cambridge, planted about an acre of land 
principally with Pears on the Quince. On the fifth year, he 
gathered 1.20 bushels of Pears, 70 bushols of which he sold at 5 
to 6 dols. per bushel. 
“ A Buffum Pear tree, at Worcester, belonging to Mr. Earlei 
yields annually from 30 to 40 dols. worth of Pears. Mr. Pond, 
of the same city, planted in 1850 350 Bartlett Pear trees, one 
year old from the bud. In 1857 he sold from these trees 50 
bushels of Pears, at 5 dols. per bushel, or 250 dols. for the crop. 
“ Similar instances of success, in these and in other States, 
might be multiplied, if time would permit, to prove the age, 
