THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, OOTOBETl 20, 1858, 
47 
WEEKLY CALENDAR, 
Day 
of 
M’nth 
Day 
of 
Week. 
OCT. 26—NOV. 1, 1858. 
Weather near London in 1857. 
Barometer. iTkermom.j Wind. ? a \ n in 
1 | Inches. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Moon 
R.andS. 
Moon's 
Age. 
Clack 
afterSun 
Day of 
Year. 
2fi 
Tu 
Erica exsurgens major 
29.833—29.753 63—38 
S.E. 1 — 
45 af 0 
41 af 4 
50 af 6 
19 
15 
55 
299 
27 
W 
Erica exsurgens grandiflora. 
29.066—29.721 1 64—38 
S.E. — 
47 
6 
42 4 
5 8 
20 
16 
] 
300 
28 
Tu 
St. Simon and St. Jude. 
30.011—29.962 64—34 
S.W. i .02 
48 
6 
40 4 
32 9 
21 
16 
G 
301 
29 
F 
Erica vestita coccinea. 
29.939—29.843 60—38 
S.W. ! .04 
50 
6 
38 4 
0 11 
c 
16 
10 
302 
30 
s 
Erica sulpliurea. 
30.015—29.664 | 58—27 
S.W. .12 
52 
0 
30 4 
morn 
23 
1G 
13 
303 
31 
Sun 
22 Sunday after Trinity. 
30.111—30.028 | 60—31 
S.W. — 
54 
6 
34 4 
25 0 
24 
10 
16 
304 
I 
M 
An. Saints. 
29.962—29.715 59—36 
l 
S.E. .01 
' 56 
6 
32 4 
47 1 
25 
16 
18 
305 
Metf.oeoi.ooy of the Week.— At Chiswick, from observations during the last thirty-one years, the average highest and lowest 
temperatures of these days are 54.4° and 37.7°, respectively. The greatest heat, 67°, occurred onthe 30th, in 1834 ; and the lowest cold, 23 3 , 
on the 30th, in 1850. During the period 101 days were fine, and on 11G rain fell. 
GARDENING OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
T^he necessity for the examination of all drains and 
watercourses will be readily suggested by the now fre¬ 
quent recurrence of wet weather. 
Bkoad Beans.— Plant a few Mazagans, in soil favour¬ 
able for vegetation in winter, either where they are to 
remain, or on a sheltered border, for transplanting early 
in the spring. 
Broccoli. —Dig up, to economise space, and lay them 
in by the heels close together, to save them from destruc¬ 
tion by frost. Whether the frost be severe or not, it is a 
safe plan to lay them down ; and if their heads point to 
the north, they escape better than when exposed to the 
mid-day sun in winter. 
Cabbages. —Fill up vacancies in the main plantations. 
Carrots. —Take up the whole of the principal crops, 
and allow them to get thoroughly dry before they are 
stored away in sand. Any that are broken, or cut, to be 
ut aside for present use, as they would decay in the 
eap and spread infection to the rest. 
Cauliflowers. — Remove the dead leaves from the 
plants in the frames and under handlights, and fill up 
vacancies, if any occur. Give air freely every fine day. 
Celery. —Continue to earth-up all that require it. If 
severe frost sets in, protect the most forward crops with 
a covering of long litter. 
Chives. — Take up, and replant every two or three 
years. 
Endive. — Tie up, when quite dry, a quantity for 
blanching. To he protected in pits, or frames, when 
severe weather sets in. 
Onions. —Hand-weed the autumn sowing, and hoe the 
ground slightly about them. 
Potatoes. —If laid in heaps, to he frequently turned 
over. Some, when fresh dug, or when buried in pits, eat 
strong and watery, that would be dry, mealy, and finely 
flavoured, if some of their moisture was allowed to evapo¬ 
rate freely. Hence the advantage of storing them in a 
dry place, where neither wet nor frost can reach them. 
Shallots and Gaelic. —Plant in light and dry soils; 
but if heavy and wet postpone it till February. 
FRUIT GARDEN. 
Fruit Trees. — Planting them either in the open 
quarters, or against walls, may be commenced at once. 
Rich and deep borders are unfavourable for the produc¬ 
tion of a fruitful habit, and, therefore, should be avoided. 
As a general rule, if the borders are not naturally of a 
mellow, fertile soil, some fresh loam, or other good soil, 
from a common, or field, applied, and worked in along 
the borders, will prove very beneficial; but, if a sufficient 
quantity cannot be conveniently obtained for the whole, 
two or three wheelbarrows full, together with some rotten 
leaves, or leaf mould, may he put in each place where the 
trees are to be planted. 
FLOWER GARDEN. 
The approach of winter demands attention here, as 
yell in defending tender plants against its rigour, as in 
No. 526, Yol. XXI. 
planting the bulbs and tubers, and dividing herbaceous 
plants, before hard frost suspends all out-of-door opera¬ 
tions. The display of next spring and summer will de¬ 
pend, in a great measure, upon what has already been 
done, or is being done at this season. 
Carnations and Picotees. — Layers, that have been 
delayed in consequence of not being rooted at the proper 
season, should now he examined, and, if only slightly 
rooted, may be potted with safety. Those that have no 
roots at the present time are better taken oil - the stools, 
and planted under handglasses, similar to pipings; they 
only require a very moderate supply of water. 
Early Spring Flowers. —Plant Anemones, Crocuses, 
Jonquills, Snowdrojos, Primroses, Narcissi, Ilepaticas, 
Violets, Polyanthuses, Wallflowers, &c., in the beds and 
borders. AVlien disposing of these for early spring do 
not forget the later varieties, equally as welcome in their 
turn,—such as Pockets, Sweet Williams, Canterbury Bells, 
Foxgloves, Geum voccineum, Phloxes, Delphiniums, An¬ 
tirrhinums, Campanula ca/rpatica. Verbena venosa, &c. 
Lilacs. —Remove suckers, to give strength to the tree, 
to produce fine, hold flowers. 
Pansies. —Divide and plant out, for next summer’s 
bloom, in beds of richly-prepared soil, seedlings of good 
quality. To he potted and preserved in a frame, to 
ensure them as much as possible from the risk of loss in 
winter. 
Pits and Frames. —Harden off Verbenas and other 
massing plants ; stop all those making growth ; water as 
little as possible ; and take advantage of every opportu¬ 
nity of fine weather to give abundance of air. As a 
cheap protecting material is of importance to the gar¬ 
dening world, we would direct attention to the exhibition 
of inventions that took place in March last, in the rooms 
of the Society of Arts, Adelphi, London. Amongst them 
was Dr. Guyot’s patent straw-weaving loom. This machine 
has the power of binding loose straw into a rude kind 
of matting, which is extremely valuable for temporary 
thatching, covering a brick, or raising a hasty fence ; and, 
no doubt, would be most invaluable for many garden 
purposes. 
Shrubs. —Wherever alterations arc intended, no time 
should be lost, as the weather is now mild and damp, and 
most favourable for transplanting deciduous and evergreen 
trees and shrubs. William Keane. 
KEEPING SCARLET GERANIUMS IN WINTER. 
The comet of 1811 left us much about the same time 
as the one which ha3 just gone, and the winter of 1811-12 
was a very long one, hut not so very hard as we often 
have it. There were many days and nights in January, 
1812, as bad as the night that Tam O’Shanter and Souter 
Johnny boosed, so that their celebrity has gone to the 
ends of the earth; and the spirits which revelled in the 
anld Kirk that night were, in the Highlands, believed to 
have been so disappointed, at not being able to set the 
world on fire with the tail of the comet, that they made that 
winter on purpose, in order to kill “ stock, stave, and 
