THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, NOVEMBER 2, 1858. 63 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
Day 
of 
M’nth 
Day 
of 
Week. 
NOVEMBER 2-S, 1858. 
Weather 
near London in 
1857. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
| Moon 
lit. and S. 
1 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
afterSun 
Day of 
Year. 
Barometer. 
Tkcrmom. 
Wind. 
Rain in 
Inches. 
2 
Tu 
Andersonia sprengelloides. 
29.GCS—29.654 
64—49 
8.W. 
.01 
57 af 6 
30 af 4 
1 6 af 3 
26 
16 
18 
306 
3 
W 
A "-eraturn Mexicanum. 
29.765—29.G67 
60—51 
s. 
•53 
59 6 
29 
4 
23 4 
27 
16 
19 
307 
4 
Th 
Bertholinia pectinata. 
29.798—29.767 
61—51 
E. 
.22 
VII 
27 
4 
42 5 
28 
16 
18 
308 
5 
F 
GosroivDF.il Plot, 1G05. 
29.864—29.811 
00—50 
F,. 
- 
3 7 
25 
4 
sits 
@ 
16 
16 
309 
6 
s 
Cassia corymbosa. 
30.043—29.919 
57—48 
w. 
i .03 
4 7 
23 
4 
1 6 4 
1 
16 
14 
310 
" 
Sun 
23 Sunday after Trinity. 
30.183—30.122 
55—40 
W. 
! .03 
6 7 
22 
4 
I 31 4 
2 
16 
11 
311 
8 
M 
Camellias. 
30.284—30.187 
54—45 
N.E. 
1 ~ , 
8 7 
20 
4 
j 14 5 
3 
16 
G 
312 
Metf.oroloqy op txif. Week. —At Chiswick, from observations during the last thirty-one years, the average highest and lowest 
temperatures of these days are 52.5° and 37.6°, respectively. The greatest heat, G5 J , occurred on the’ 3rcf, in 1847 ; and the lowest cold, 20°, 
oil the 3rd, in 1845. During the period 118 days were fine, and on 99 rain fell. 
GARDENING OPERATIONS FOR TIIE WEEK. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
As tlie crops are cleared, dig two-feet-wide trenches, 
two or three spades’ deep, laying the earth of each 
trench in a rough ridge, to pulverize and improve 
with the weather, when it can be more expeditiously 
levelled down as wanted for sowing, or planting, in the 
spring. 
Broccoli. —When it has grown very vigorously, and 
is required late in the spring, it may yet be laid down, as 
recommended last month, retaining as much soil about 
the roots as possible. 
Cauliflower Plants, either in frames, under hand- 
lights, or potted singly in small pots, should receive all the 
air possible, when the weather is mild and dry, taking off 
the lights, or glasses, every fine day, and only protecting 
them from heavy rain3, or severe frosts. 
Lettuce Plants (in frames).—Air to be allowed to 
play around and invigorate them. When protected from 
heavy rains, air should he admitted by raising the lights 
several inches at the back. 
Mushrooms. —The beds that were spawned last month 
will now require particular attention, to counteract the ill 
effects of cold, windy, or frosty weather, by deeper, and 
therefore warmer, coverings,—more particularly if the 
beds have been made in the open air. They should be 
uncovered about once a week, and the surface cleared of 
any damp litter, or mouldiness, that may happen to be 
on them. 
Routine. — Every part of the garden should now be 
kept free from litter. Celery, Turnips, and other vege- I 
tables, to bo trimmed at the rot-heap, and not on the 
quarters, where they look unsightly, and harbour slugs 
and insects. 
Vegetable Citors.—Finish planting, if not done last 
month,—such as Caulijlowers, Calbayes, Lettuces, C'ole- 
ivorts, Endive, Garlic, Shallots, &c. 
FRUIT GARDEN. 
All heavy ground-work—such as draining, trenching, 
making new borders, &c.—to be proceeded with. Trans¬ 
plant, to fill up vacancies,—pruning and regulating the 
branches before they are planted, to avoid poaching the 
ground by treading on it afterwards ; if a standard, to be 
supported with a stake ; and all trees, when planted, to 
be mulched with short litter, to protect the roots from 
frost. 
Apple and Pear Trees (Standards).—Keep the centre 
of the trees open, and cut away ill-placed branches, that 
either intertwine with each other, or are too crowded. 
If the heads were kept well thinned out, that the air and 
sun could reach the whole of the branches, they would 
bear much finer fruit, and have a cleaner and more healthy 
appearance. 
Currants and Gooseberries. —Prune, put in the cut¬ 
tings, manure well, and fork it in between the rows. 
Figs. —Mat up, whether on walls or standards. 
Fruit Room.—T f there is any fruit still remaining on 
the trees, it should be gathered immediately ; that in the 
No. 527. Vol. XXI. 
fruit-room should be looked over, and any that shows the 
slightest signs of decay, picked out. 
Peaches and Nectarines. —Transplant, laying out the 
roots to their full length in fresh soil. 
Strawberries. —Manure and fork over the plantations, 
if not done before, clearing away the runners, decaying 
leaves, &c. 
Vines.—S ecure the branches to the walls, merely cut¬ 
ting off the unripe tops, and leaving the pruning till spring. 
FLOWER GARDEN. 
The weather is now most favourable for planting, and 
it should, therefore, be proceeded with expeditiously. 
When largo trees and shrubs are to be removed, they 
should be taken up with the greatest care, preserving 
every root, more particularly the smaller ones, which is of 
much greater advantage than retaining an immense ball 
of earth around the large roots. 
Auriculas. —Continue to look over them, taking off 
dead leaves, and, above all things, seeing that the plants 
are in a dry, healthy condition, and have no drip from 
the frames. 
Pits and Frames. — All flower-garden plants—such as 
Petunias, Verbenas, Calceolarias, &c.— should now have 
frequent attention ; the supply of water to be limited to 
that quantity only which is requisite to keep them from 
flagging ; to be frequently gone over, and all dead leaves 
immediately removed. Give them all the air possible 
during the day, if dry, and shut up tolerably early in the 
afternoon. ' William Keane, 
CUTTING DOWN CLIMBERS. 
I have been requested to state the reason for cutting down 
young climbers so closo as I recommend. But the practice is not 
confined to young climbers only ; old ones, under unfavourable 
circumstances, need often to be cut back just as much as the 
youngest. The first reason which appeared to me conclusive is 
not so common now ns it was in 1830, when it covered the 
whole face of a large plant of Thunbergia coccinea, trained on the 
back Wall of a greenhouse, in the shape of brown, soft bugs, and 
dry white scales,—the two making one clear reason for gett ing rid 
of the whole top of the plant at one sweep. At' the time tins 
was done, I had been just fifteen months out of the Experimental 
Garden, in Edinburgh, and the ruling passion for experiments 
was strong upon me. The plant was condemned by its owner, 
on account of the insects, and because it never flowered. It was 
known elsewhere as one of the most difficult of the old climbers 
to bloom, so difficult, indeed, that hundreds of gardeners have 
never seen it yet in bloom. Instead of destroying this plant, I 
had it cut down close to the collar, about the middle of May, and 
whitewashed the wall. In a short time, the plant was up at the 
top of the back wall, stronger and more leafy than any of the 
kind I had ever seen before or since. 
By the middle of August, the whole space which was occupied 
by the old head was covered by the new head on old shoulders, 
—just what we want in all our gardens at the present day,—the 
enthusiasm of youth, and the practical experience of a long life¬ 
time united in one and the same person. That winter, this new 
head flowered all over, and kept in flower a long time,—two or 
