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TEE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, November 9, 1S58. 
in the beer cooler will soon be as hot, as was the beer or wort 
when they put the bops in it. From a lid to let up this beat, it 
would be easy to have bottom beat on a different principle from 
the Waltonian,—the principle of heating the water by its own 
circulation ; while Mr. Walton beats by contact, without circula¬ 
tion. If you buy our No. 389, you will there find a section, and 
full particulars relative to the Waltonian Case.] 
AUTUMN-BLOOMING ROSES. 
“ I want a few of the best autumnal Roses. I do not find 
that many of the so-called perpetuals really do bloom in the 
autumn ; or, if they do, they are but indifferent objects.”—A 
Subscriber. 
[If our selection of perpetual Roses is taken and done justice 
to, in good soil, the plants will not fail to bloom in the autumn. 
Madame Laffay. —The most constant, the sweetest, and the 
latest of all good Roses to bloom. We have bad it open freely 
in December, a whole degree of latitude north of Kent. 
Baron Prevost. —The nearest to the old Callage Rose, in 
looks and smell. 
Grant des Bat allies, which we have now (end of October) 
in fine bloom. 
Souvenir de la Malmaison, or the Malmaison Rose, which is 
now, and has been since last May, magnificent with us. 
Duchess of Sutherland does not come so late, but is the fifth 
best on our list; and there is one half dozen old ones, and fifteen 
newer ones, claiming priority for the sixth place. Therefore, we 
shall not name the sixth to day, but rather ask all our Rose- 
loving readers which Rose or Roses did better with them this 
hot summer, and long, warm autumn, than those we mention ? 
As to their management, if they are worked Roses, they would 
be better the nearer the ground they are budded. Butmost ofour 
Roses are on their own roots. Of course, good soil, good drainage, 
with a libera] use of very rotten dung in winter, and the same of 
liquid manure during the growing season, are the chief points of 
culture; and, as to pruning, all sure pruning is founded on the 
strength of the plant that season. All we have named are moderate 
growers, and require to be cut back to from three to six buds, 
when worked on the Dog Rose ; but on their own roots twice that 
length must be left, when the plants are established. But, in any 
doubtful case, it is more safe to cut close, than to leave too much 
wood on Roses.] 
HERALDRY APPLIED TO FLOWER GROUPING. 
In a back number, Mr. D. Beaton, after showing himself to 
have been confirmed in a matter of taste, or judgment, by the 
verdict of certain folks having authority, says,—“ Therefore, my 
credit is as good as ever it was, and ‘ Greenhand ’ ought to 
acknowledge it publicly.” Now, I (Greenhand) never impugned 
Mr. Beaton’s credit in such matters. I am so utter a novice in 
everything connected with gardening, that I should not he pre- 
sumptous enough to do so, even though his opinions were to 
clash with my own ; but, on the contrary, I am happy to say that 
his valuable letters always show a taste confirming my own, and 
even furnish new thoughts which may be welcomed as congenial 
guests by the established tenants of my own fancy, or tend to the 
enlargement and better ordering of crude notions previously 
entertained. The only question I ever raised with him was 
one belonging as much to the trader as the gardener,—one of cost 
price,—Tritomas and Tritonias, to wit. I still think ho owes me 
a turn on that score, but I will cry quits if he will only just tell 
me how to best treat the seeds from my Tritoma uvaria, which 
I have saved in good condition. 
51 any articles by Mr. Beaton, and especially one or two of late, 
plainly show that he not only attaches great importance to the 
arrangement of contrasts and harmonies of colour, as affecting 
the beauty of garden or bouquet, but is giving much attention to 
the rules—or rather to the facts which should originate rules—for 
grouping colours effectively. It has, therefore, occurred to me, 
that he would not be above considering the value of an idea upon 
the subject that has occurred even to a confessed Greenhand. 
It is,—whether a rule adopted hundreds of years ago, by a body of 
men whose occupation partook largely of the management of 
effects generally and of colours particularly,—I mean the heralds,— 
might not be accepted as indicating succinctly and with much, 
though of course not perfect accuracy, a proper method of horti¬ 
cultural and fioral colour-grouping ? 
The rule I allude to is well known to all who understand any¬ 
thing of heraldry, though in some works it is not laid down in so 
many words. I find it, however, thus expressed in Clark’s 
“ Easy Introduction,” Ed. 1825, p. 24 :—“ In composing arms, 
metals, and colours together, which was introduced as well to re¬ 
present them at a greater distance as to imitate the military 
cassock of the ancients, who embroidered their titia, or cloth of 
gold or silver, with figures in colours of silk ; and their coloured 
silk, on the contrary, with gold and silver ; and hence it is that 
there is a general rule, that metal shall never le placed upon metal, 
nor colour upon colour .” 
The words first italicised in the above sentence shows that the 
framers of the rule had, as a primary object, one that every gar¬ 
dener should carefully consider,—utilising the respective powers 
of colours to render them distinct] in distance; and I think I can 
show that the rule does unfailingly tend to develop, not only the 
powers, but also the beauties of colours. 
The tints, or hues, employed in heraldry arc divided, as the 
above rule shows, into “ metals” and “colours.” The metals 
are but two, yellow (representing gold), and white (for silver). 
The colours ai*e red, blue, green, black, and purple. The con¬ 
sequence of the rule is, that we never see, for example, a yellow 
lozenge on a white shield, nor the reverse, for either would be 
metal on metal; nor a blue lozenge on a green field ; nor a red 
lozenge on a blue, black, green, or piu’ple shield; as either of these 
devices would be colour on colour. But let us, for illustration 
sake, suppose a violation of the rule. Put a yellow lozenge on a 
white shield (metal on metal), and a blue lozenge on a red shield 
(colour on colour) : are not both effects bad ? IIow cold the 
former, how heavy the latter ! But reverse your tints, and, follow¬ 
ing heraldic rule, put the blue lozenge on the white shield, and 
the yellow lozenge on the red shield, and I think you will see that 
the first contrast (colour on metal) is most beautiful; and the 
latter (metal on colour), actually splendid ; whether done in silk 
and gold, or in Verbenas and Calceolarias. 
But applying the rule hortieulturally, we could not edge a bed 
of yellow Calceolarias, or GSnotheras, with white Alyssum 
(metal on metal), nor place pink or purple Petunias alongside 
of blue Lobelia (colour on colour) ; we must, on the contrary, edge 
the Calceolaria with the Lobelia (metal on colour), and wed the 
silvery Alyssum to the richly-coloured Petunias. And thus we 
see, in that never-to-be-forgotten chain-work at the Crystal Palace, 
they have, probably without knowing it, followed this law. They 
have not put their Tom Thumbs on the bare lawn,—that would 
have been red on green, “ colour on colour.” So they have on 
the green lawn, first, the white Cerastium tomenlosum ,—“ Silvery 
Cerastium,” as Mr. Beaton says,—which is metal on colour; and 
within that silver border is scarlet Tom (colour on metal), while 
in the larger oblong links they proceed to place golden Calceolaria 
inside the scarlets,—metal on colour. So, in the centre rosery 
bed, white Alyssum or Cerastium is introduced between each bed 
of red Geraniums and the green lawn. Further, in all our 
gardens the yellow gravel walks are the heraldic borders to the 
greeny grass, and surely look better there than woidd paths 
covered with blue cloth, which would be quite as contrary to our 
heraldic rule as to the rules of economy or custom. Yet blue 
tiles would, so far as colour is concerned, look as well for an 
edging to a gravel walk as green box would, and either would be 
good blazon. White tiles, on the contrary, would look meagre 
and cold as an edging to yellow gravel, though they would not 
look at all bad defining a bed upon the lawn,—silver on green. 
Through October, the best beds in my own little garden were 
a mass of splendid blue Salvias, deeply set in the golden flowers of 
Gaillardia picta grandiflora, and a simple bed of crimson 
Verbenas, entirely surrounded by gravel,—both instancing colour 
on metal. On the contrary, a bed of Delphinium formosum (blue), 
surrounded by Mrs. TIolford Verbena (white, or, say silver), looked 
well only so long as the fine colour of the Delphinium held the 
eye to the centre of the bed, showing the blue on the white; 
when that died out, and the white Verbena only showed against 
the encircling yellow gravel, the mixture gave a miserable instanco 
of the bad effect produced by metal on metal. 
I must not proceed fully to exemplify the application of this 
notion to bouquet-making; but, speaking practically, I have 
always found it produce a pleasing effect,—never a bad one. Can 
as much be said for the generality of nosegays, bouquets, and 
button-hole selections, made up without plan ? I think not. 
| The other day I snatched for my button-hole a splendid blue 
' Salvia and a truss of Lord Eaglan (crimson) Verbena. Do you 
I think that would do ? Not a bit of it. It looked as heavy as 
