THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, November 30, 1858. 
139 
Tuileries which is open enough, and there are two enclosed flower 1 
gardens, which arc always very pretty in their way. But they are 
only seen from the outside, and none are admitted to walk in thorn. 
Now, the square is quite an innovation in every respect, and no 
one can say but that it is a great improvement. 
The Square de la Tour St. Jacqueshos been open to the public 
for more than two years; but it is only now that it begins to 
assume the appearance of an English pleasure garden. It is 
situated near the river, in the quarter of the Hotel de Ville, and 
it takes its name from the magnificent tour which rises in the 
centre to about a hundred feet. The ground is laid out with 
lawn, clumps of trees, shrubs, and flowers ; but, of course, none ■ 
are allowed to walk on the grass. Here and there, along the broad 
walks, are numerous elegant seats, and there are always plenty of 
people to occupy them. A neat little house, in wood, has 
been erected at one side for the keeper. The flower-beds are 
always well filled with the more showy bedding plants, as Pelar¬ 
goniums, Pansies, Verbenas, China Asters, Mignonette, and Roses. 
At present there are some pretty masses of Veronicas, Dahlias, 
Hollyhocks, and Chrysanthemums, on the lawn. Here and there 
are some good examples of the Conifer®, and other ornamental 
evergreens, as the graceful Cedrus deodara, Weymouth Pine, 
Araucaria imlricata, Cryptomeria Japonica, Cedrus Lebani, and 
other favourite kinds. 
In another part of Paris, and about ten minutes walk from this, 
it is the equally beautiful Square of the Temple, which, though 
begun last year, was only opened to’.the public two months ago; 
and nowhere coidd a public garden be a greater boon to the 
people ; for this quarter may be fitly compared to Soho, of 
London, as the population is composed, for the most part, of 
poor artizans and their families, and the streets and dwellings are 
dingy enough. Several important alterations are to be carried 
out here, and there is plenty of room for improvement; but the 
first step has been the formation of a garden for the recreation of 
the inhabitants. 
ThiB Square, as it is very properly called, is somewhat larger 
than the other which I have noticed, measuring about 150 paces 
in length, and sixty in width. Like the other, it is enclosed by 
a fine iron railing, the heads of the spikes being gilt. It has been 
laid out with much taste and effect for the limited extent of the 
ground. At the further end there is a neat rockwork, formed of 
large blocks. Near the summit is a jet d’eau, which falls over the 
stones into a miniature lake below; and, I am informed, it is in¬ 
tended to have a pah* of swans, or other waterfowl, to swim 
about in it. Near (he same place is a venerable looking Willow 
tree, said to be nearly two centuries old. There are, also, some 
other trees of considerable dimensions, said to possess much 
liistorical interest. Several more, measuring about thirty feet 
high, were brought from the Pois de Vincennes last spring, and 
planted in suitable places. These have done very well, and may 
now be considered as fairly established. 
The ground has been laid out in the most agreeable form, rising 
and falling here and there ; and the large clumps near the sides 
have been filled witli trees and shrubs, which, in a year or two 
more, will add much, not only to the beauty of the garden, but 
also of the whole neighbourhood. On the lawn are some large 
specimens of Conifer®, planted singly. This is more like a 
pleasure ground than a flower garden. Still there are some gay 
beds of annuals, and other showy flowers, along the borders of 
the walks. Indeed, this is one of the neatest and most attractive 
gardens of the whole capital, and it is certain to become a 
favourite resort with hundreds who have been hitherto obliged to 
lounge about on the pavement of the Boulevards. 
It is intended to form another square in the same way, in the 
large open place hitherto occupied as a cheap vegetable and fruit 
market, well known as the Marche des Innocents, and which has 
just been vacated by its occupants, who are now provided with 
better accommodation in one of the divisions of the Halles Cen¬ 
trales, a magnificent iron structure, with which we have nothing 
in England to compare. 
The new square promises to be even finer than either of the 
other two, and it w r ill form a most appropriate pendant to the 
vast and elegant edifice beside it. There is a large ornamental 
fountain already in the centre of the ground, and this is capable 
of being turned to good account by the gentleman to whom the 
laying out has been confided. In a month or two more the whole 
aspect of the place will be changed, and, instead of the filth and 
babble of a huckster’s market, we shall have a beautiful garden 
and promenade. 
During the spring and autumn of this year, great planting | 
operations have been carried out all over Paris. About forty 
large Horse Chestnuts were brought from Vincennes, and replanted 
on the north and south sides of the Bourse. But this operation 
was delayed too long in the season, and the warm summer’s sun 
and dry weather have made it very doubtful if half of them will 
assume their wonted appearance before some years have past. Some 
have been so much scorched as to make then* removal more than 
probable. The authorities here have a strange fondness for the 
Horse Chestnut, which I think, of all others, the most unsuitable 
for embellishing a city, owing to its dense and heavy outline. In 
any case, there was not much hope for old, full-sized trees, lifted 
and transplanted just when the hot weather was about to set in. 
The trunks of those planted round the Bourse are full twenty 
inches in diameter. The process of lifting and planting is that 
which has been well known hi England for many years. The tree 
is lifted with a ball, in the old way, as much earth as possible 
being secured to the roots ; then it is suspended in the centre ot 
a large machine, on wheels, and drawn by horses to the place 
required. The process of lifting up and letting down is effected 
by rollers at each end of the machine, which can be worked 
with the greatest ease. Indeed, the only heavy work in the 
operation is the removal of the earth near the roots, preparatory 
to lifting. Several dozens of Chestnuts, equally large, have been 
planted in a group round the Fontaine de Palmier, near the 
Chambre de Notaires, and the Square St. Jacques; but these 
were planted in the autumn, when the hot weather was over, and 
they seem to be doing well. 
During the last few months, an important alteration has been 
effected in front of the Palace of the Tuileries, on the west side. 
A considerable extent of ground, formerly open to the public, 
has been taken in, and laid out as a pleasure ground for the use ox 
the Imperial household. This garden is about a hundred yards 
wide, and extends from the Hue de Ilivoli to the Quai, a distance of 
nearly two hundred yards. It has been laid out in smooth, level 
lawn, and broad winding walks ; the whole enclosed by an 
elegant railing, and ornamented with fine statues, so that there is 
now a beautiful private garden attached to the Palace. 
In the Champs Hlysees a great many young trees, of good 
kinds, have lately been planted in the numerous vacancies that 
existed for some time, and this popular promenade is now more 
beautiful than it has ever been. 
The large open space that formerly existed on the south side of 
the Palais de VIndustrie has also been tastefully laid out in broad, 
winding walks, and large clumps of trees, shrubs, and flowering 
plants; so that this part of the Champs F/ysees, though quite 
open, has at present the appearance of a garden. A portion of it 
is composed of smooth lawn, which is studded here and there 
with single specimens of Araucaria imbricata, Cedrus deodara, 
Cryptomeria japonica, Pirns Douglasii, and many other choice 
Conifer®. 
At the present time, the fine Boulevards, extending from the 
church of the Madeleine, eastward to the Boulevard de Sebas¬ 
topol,* are the scene of active operations. 
In the Revolution of 1818, all the fine large trees that grew on 
these Boulevards were ruthlessly cut down to form barricades ; 
and though others were subsequently planted in their places, 
they have during ten years made little or no progress. Of course, 
the cause of failure has been the unfavourable condition in which 
they were planted, for then* roots seem to have been provided 
with nothing better than lime rubbish for their support. At 
present workmen are engaged in forming wide trenches, which 
are filled with good soil. All the old half-dead trees are removed, 
and others put in their places. These are generally young, 
healthy trees, from fifteen to thirty-five feet high, belonging to 
different genera of Fabace®,—as Sophora, Robinia, and Acacia ; 
but there are also a few Maples, Platanus, Elms, and others, 
which are likely to do well. Young trees of Platanus occidentalis 
have been planted round the central market and near the Porte 
St. Marlin. These have grown very well this summer, and then- 
broad, lively-green foliage has an excellent effect. This tree will 
probably be extensively planted on the Boulevards, for it is seen 
that its rapid growth will insure plenty of shade in a few years. 
The flower market near the Palais de Justice is certain to 
undergo some change very soon, owing to the construction of a 
new bridge across the river, in the fine of the Boulevard de Sebas¬ 
topol, and which will at least cut off a portion of the ground on 
which the market is held at present. 
• This ought to be written Sevastopol, as in Russian, in which language 
the letter v has exactly the form of our b, and no doubt this circumstance 
has given rise to the orthography which is in general use. 
