245 
TIIE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, January 18, 1859. 
garden, were much smaller, melting, and juicy, but 
astringent. 
By Mr. Smith (gardener to T. W. Tatton, Esq., 
Wythenshaw, Cheshire), from south wall; young tree, 
on pear stock, planted on prepared stations; soil strong 
loam, over clay. Fruit very large and green, buttery, 
and melting, but rather watery, and deficient in saccharine 
flavour. 
From the above facts concei’ning aspect, district, soil, 
&c., the following deductions may be gleaned 1st. That 
it is generally a variety requiring a wall, although suc¬ 
ceeding well on espaliers in the south-western counties. 
2nd. That the quality of the fruit graduates very nearly 
as the soil passes from light sandy loam, over porous sub¬ 
soils, to strong loam over retentive clays. 3rd. That size 
increases, but flavour diminishes when the trees grow on 
rich garden mould. 4th. That the more favourable as¬ 
pects on which the trees are grown, in Essex and Cheshire, 
are insufficient to compensate for the stronger soil, com- : 
bined with the difference in latitude. 5th. That, in the 
south-western district, the difference of climate is suffi- ! 
cient to compensate for that between wall and espalier, 
and between strong soil and light. This synopsis of the 
comparison between the merits of the different examples , 
and the circumstances under which they have been grown, 
is given as an instance of the manner in which it is pro¬ 
posed to collate, analyse, and classify the information 
gathered, concerning different varieties, so soon as a suffi¬ 
cient body thereof is obtained, to admit of its being done 
in a reliable manner. No comment is necessary, to ex¬ 
plain the great usefulness of such information when made 
public. It is also given to show to members and others, 
the great aid they may render, by sending specimens of 
all fruits in season, accompanied by forms carefully filled 
up. It is proper to mention, that in the above deduction 
the leading features only of the information furnished 
have been made use of; there are many other points— 
such as shelter and exposure, altitude, inclination of sur¬ 
face, &c.—which modify the effect of the more important 
conditions and circumstances, and which will be useful in 
more extended analyses, by explaining results which 
would otherwise appear discrepant. 
Two remarkably line and attractive dishes, “not for 
competition,’’ were sent by Messrs. Webber and Co., 
Covent Garden, one example having been grown on a west 
wall, and the other on a standard. 
Class 13.—Premiums of £1 and 10-s. for the best and 
second best Six fruits of Winter Nelis Pear. 
Nine dishes, also, were exhibited in this class ; but 
their general quality, either in appearance or flavour, was 
not proportionately equal to those in the previous class. 
The finest dish, in every respect, was one placed, “ not 
for competition,” by Messrs. M. Webber and Co. 
The first prize teas awarded to a dish exhibited by Mr. 
Cox, from a south wall (soil, see Clout Morceau). They 
were large, very juicy and melting, vinous, and sugary 
in flavour. 
The second prize, to a dish by Mr. Wighton, from 
an espalier. Fruit small, somewhat shrivelled and spotted, 
but deliciously juicy, melting, and fine flavoured. Re¬ 
ported to be much subject to mildew. 
The quality of the remaining dishes was according to 
the order in which they are described. 
Exhibited by Mr. Tiley, from an espalier. Medium 
sized, melting, and sugary. 
By Mr. M‘Laren (gardener to J. C. Whitbread, Esq., 
Cardington, near Bedford), from east wall, on light, black, 
gravelly soil, over very porous subsoil. Fruit medium¬ 
sized, very melting, and sweet, but slightly astringent. 
By Mr. James Holder, of Reading, from standard; 
soil very rich, over sandy loam. Very large and fine in 
appearance, promising to be equally so in flavour, but not 
ripe enough to compare with others. 
By Mr. Melville (gardener to the Earl of Rosebury, 
of Dalmeny Park Gardens, near Edinburgh), from a south 
wall, re-grafted on an old Crassane tree. The latter 
variety is a shy bearer in this garden; but the Winter 
Nelis is reported to be one of their best December 
Pears. Soil deep light loam, over rather gravelly rock. 
Fruit medium-sized, clear, and healthy, but very green 
texture, very buttery, and melting, but deficient in 
flavour. Good, however, for the latitude. 
By Mr. Newton (gardener to G. J. Graham, Esq., 
East Lodge, Enfield Chase), from a wall, on quince stock ; 
soil rich garden mould, over London clay. Fruit large 
and handsome, melting, but watery in flavour. 
By Mr. Smith, Cheshire, from a pyramid, pear stock; 
planted on a prepared station. Very similar in appear¬ 
ance and quality to the last. 
By Mr. Elliott (gardener to the Marquis of Stafford, 
Lillishall), from a south wall, with the ground much 
shaded by very massive, projecting buttresses ; soil 
strong clayey loam ; subsoil clay, over old red sandstone ; 
very high and exposed. Fruit small, and indifferent in 
appearance ; dry in texture, compared with the previous 
varieties; and watery in flavour. This exhibition is one 
of a class which the Council are anxious to have more 
frequently laid before the Meetings, as they are equally 
serviceable to the purposes of the Society in adding 
important items of information. The Council will be glad 
if contributors will bear in mind, that it is desirable to 
ascertain and disseminate information, not only regarding 
the kinds which are suitable for given localities, hut also 
as to those which are unsuitable. 
Class C.—Premiums of £1 and 10s. for the best and 
second best Six of any other kind of Dessert Pear in 
season, excepting Glout Morceau and Winter Nelis. 
In this class, twenty-three dishes were sent, in seven¬ 
teen varieties, by fourteen exhibitors. There were not, 
however, many of the dishes in first-class state, showing 
very much the necessity of great improvement in the 
knowledge of pomology, in that so few really good Pears 
are found in gardens at this season, when they arc most 
needed, and would bo most plentiful, if sound information 
as to the most desirable kinds were within the reach of 
purchasers and planters. 
The first prize was awarded to a dish of Marie Louise, 
exhibited by Mr. Shoesmith (gardener to J. Morman, 
Esq., Bexhill, Sussex), from south-west wall; soil medium 
loam, over stiff clay. Fruit in very fine condition, large, 
clouded with russet, very buttery and melting; flavour 
rich and sugary. 
The second prize, to a dish of Van Mons (Leon le 
Clerc), also by Mr. Shoesmith, from espalier; very 
large, russety, buttery, and melting; rich, aromatic, and 
very sugary. This dish was scarcely ripe, or it would 
have been first instead of second. 
Comte de Lamy was exhibited by Mr. Holder, from 
j a standard. Fruit very juicy, but rather rough and 
j gritty in texture ; good aroma ; flavour rich, vinous, but 
rather sharp. 
Bergamotte Cadette, or Beurre Beauchamp , by Mr. 
1 Whiting, of the Deepdene, from a pyramid, on quince 
stock (soil, see Glout Morceau). This is a little-known, 
J small, roundish - obovate Pear. Average size— 2 , 3-1G 
j inches greatest length, by 2,5-16 inches greatest diameter. 
Colour bright lemoD, with patches of light russet, and 
very dark,irregular spots; calyx open and perfect; texture 
■ juicy and melting; aroma slight; flavour sweet, but not 
rich. Mr. Whiting reports, that this variety possesses, 
' in a greater degree than any other variety he kno\\ s, 
j the quality of ripening so as to furnish a long succession 
from the same tree. 
Beurre d’Aremberg, by Mr. Shoesmith, from south- 
cast wall, in nice condition. Juicy and melting, out 
rather gritty; flavour rather acid, but pleasant. 
Old Colmar, by Mr. Underwood, from an old tree, 
on south wall. Very juicy and melting, but not rich. 
Matthews’ Eliza, by Mr. Matthews, of Clapliam 
Rise, This variety was brought as a Seedling before the 
