384 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, September 14, 1858. 
locality, Derbyshire, for which he requires a somewhat different 
description of trees to w r hat might have been recommended, 
had he written from Hampshire, instead. At the latter place, 
a Vine or Fig might have been planted against a south wall, 
w r ith a fair prospect of success ; while, in the moist climate of 
Derbyshire, it is useless to expect these fruits to do well, 
except in very warm summers, such as we have about once in 
ten years. Nevertheless, there are advantages in moisture, in i 
some ways, and I often envy those who have it in greater 
abundance than we have in Kent. But, as our correspondent 
says his soil is tolerably good and deep, with a clay bottom, 
j we strongly advise him to have it properly drained first of all. 
| One drain about six feet from the wall, and parallel with it, 
and another about eight feet from that, will not be too much. 
It would also be better not to have the surface soil more than 
eighteen inches, or two feet deep at most; if it should be 
more than that, remove a portion of it, keeping the best at 
top ; and, if the ground be very wet, it would be advisable to 
! concrete the foundation for each tree in a semicircular form, 
with a radius of at least five feet, and not to allow a greater 
depth than eighteen inches for the soil, and to let the concreting I 
slope towards the drain. Loose stones or rubble may be 
mixed with the soil, if heavy, and the whole exposed, as much 
as possible, to the action of the weather, before the trees are 
planted. For, be it remembered, it often happens that the first 
start determines the fate of the tree. And now to the planting. 
Presuming the wall to be 120 feet long, and eleven or 
twelve feet high, with a south aspect, there will be space for 
five or six permanent trees, planted as dwarfs; and, if the 
wall was fifteen feet high, the same number of standards 
might be advantageously planted between them, so as to 
occupy the upper portion of the wall, which might be cut 
away when the lower ones reached them. But it is useless 
planting standards on walls lower than eleven feet, except in 
special cases. In either case, liow T ever, twenty-four feet 
between the dwarfs will not be too much ; the first and last 
being twelve feet from their respective ends; and five trees will 
occupy the 120 feet of wall in question. And, supposing 
this to be the only piece of south wall in the garden, the 
possessor will naturally w T ish to have as varied a produce as 
possible. And, to accomplish this, the following list of trees 
| will assist him :— 
Tree No. 1. Royal George Peach. 
„ 2. Elruge. Nectarine. 
„ 3. Violette Hdtive Peach. 
,, 4. May Duke Cherry. 
,, 5. HemsJcirJce Apricot. 
If another tree could be added, I would recommend a 
Green Gage Plum. Now, these are the principal trees, but, 
| if standards have to be introduced between, let them be some- 
; what thus :— 
Black Heart Cherry. 
Moor Baric Apricot. 
Early Imperatrice Plum, or any other good sort that is 
known to suit the neighbourhood. 
Morello Cherry, which, though not often favoured with a 
south Avail, yet deserves it. 
Bigarreau , or Elton , Cherry. 
Early Newington Nectarine. 
The above may be varied considerably, to suit the tastes or 
wants of the party interested. But, in a general Avay, it is 
not advisable to plant Plums as standards : they ramble, and 
take up so much room, without bearing fruit, that dwarfer¬ 
growing trees suit better. I have not introduced Pears, as 
they can usually be grown on other aspects, or as standards. 
In the cold, bleak districts, it would be better, in 
building garden walls, to have them flued, so as to be able 
to apply a little fire heat when wanted, as in the spring or 
autumn, when the wood does not ripen well; and, as it some¬ 
times happens that coals are more plentiful in those districts 
than more favoured ones, it is always advisable to make use of 
that auxiliary, as by its help expensive coverings in spring 
may, in a great measure, be dispensed with, and a greater 
certainty of a crop guaranteed.—J. Robson. 
Artificial Comb. —It is the opinion of experienced 
apiarians, that it requires ten pounds of honey to produce 
one pound of wax; and it is therefore, easy to perceive Iioav 
much toil and labour the bees must expend, in order to fill 
their hives with the requisite quantity of combs to store up 
their winter’s supply of honey. There have been frequent 
attempts made to construct artificial combs, but all attempts 
have hitherto failed. I perceive in an extract from a Ger¬ 
man paper, published in Eichstadt, that I. Mehieng, of 
Frankenthal, has, after repeated experiments, succeeded in 
casting perfect combs of Avax, Avhich appear to answer all 
practical purposes. A comb of ten by twelve inches weighs 
one and one-quarter ounces, and can be completed in forty- 
five minutes. I Avould direct the attention of apiarians to 
this subject, and I am sure, if something of the kind can be 
accomplished, that our Yankee inventive ingenuity can do 
it.—W. J. E., Cattaivissa , Pa. {Emery's Agricultural Journ.) 
IIAEDY AND HALF-HAEDY PLANTS 
BLOOMING IN AUGUST, 
IN THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEVT. 
RanunCULACE iE .«—Delphinium Staphisagria, D. azureum, 
D. Hendersonii, D. fonnosum, D. consolida; Clematis revo- 
luta, C. tubiflora, C. flammula, C. cylindrica; Anemone viti- 
folia, A. Japonica, A- hybrida ; Aoonitum Napellus, A. pneu* 
monanthe, A. ferox, A. lycoctonum. 
Papayerace.e.—G laucium flavum, G. corniculatum. 
Crucifere.—C lieiranthus mutabilis, C, Cheiri, C. arbus- 
cula; (Ethionema pulchella. 
Caryophyllacee. —Dianthus trifasiculatus, D. squarrosus; 
Arenaria laricifolia; Silene maritima; Saponaria officinalis, 
S. officinalis plena. 
Linacee. —Linum pubescens, L. usitatissimum, L. usita- 
tissimum album, L. Lewisii, L. decumbens, L. perenne, 
L. Sibiricum. 
Malvacee. — Altlnea cannabina ; Lavatera unguiculata; 
Malva Tlmringiaca, M. campanulata. 
Hypericinee. —Hypericum hircinum, H. elatum, H. ma- 
culatum, H. quadrangulum, H. Androsannum, II. clubium, 1 
H. marilandicum, H. liirsutum, H. perforatum, H. stricture, 
H. foliosum. 
LegtjminoSE.—C oronilla varia, C. varia compacta, 
Rosacee. —Potentilla Nepalensis, P. argentea. 
Onageacee. — Gaura Lindheimerii ; Zauschneria Cali- 
fornica. 
Lytiirariee. —Cuphea purpurea, C. silenoides. 
Crassulacee. —Sedum Ewersii, S. telephinum. 
Saxipragacee. —Astilbe rubra. 
Umbellifeee.—E ryngium aquaticum, E. dilatatum, E. 
creticum, E. falcatum, E. campestre, E. glomeratum. 
Dipsacee. — Scabiosa agrestis, S. atro-purpurea ; Cepha- ! 
laria centauroides, C. australis, C. leucantlia; Morina longi- 
flora; Knautia arvensis ; Dipsacus inermis. 
Composite. — Galatella linifolia, G. punctata ; Aster Bessa- 
rabicus, A. patens, A. Shortii, A. grandillorus; Biotia comixta, 
B. macrophylla ; Eurybia glandulosa ; Agathsea ccclestis; - 
Grindelia integrifolia; Palafoxia texana; Stevia purpurea, 
S. serrata; Eupatorium aromaticum, E. cordifolium, E. pur- 
pureum ; Inula salisina, I. crithmoides ; Gazania uniflora; 
Cryptostemma calendulacese; Obeliscaria pinnata ; Aetino- 
meris Virginica; Venidium calendulaceum; Bupthalmum 
salicifolium ; Helianthus trachelifolius, H. tomentosus, II. 
Californicus, H. multiflorus, H. Maximiliana, H. cloronicoides, 
H. mollis ; Pascalia glauca ; Helenium autumnale, II. tenui- 
folium, II. quadridentatum; Morna nivea; Helichrysum 
bracteatum; Centaurea amara, C. depressa; Soli dago Shortii; 
Linosyris vulgaris, L. punctata ; Centauridium Drummondii; 
Chrysanthemum atratum ; Yernonia prsealta; Sanvitalia pro- 
cumbens ; Calliopsis Drummondii, C. bicolor, C. Atkinsonii, 
C. lanceolata; Coreopsis auriculata, C. senifolia ; C. latifolia. 
Lobeliacee. —Isotoma axillaris, I. petrsea; Lobelia hetero- ! 
phylla, L. triqueter, L. syphylitica, L. cardinalis. 
CampANULACEE .— Campanula pumila, C. pumila alba, C. j 
excisa, C. carpatica, C. carpatica alba, C. lactiflora, C. grandis. i 
Polemoniacee. —Plilox bonariensis, P. suaveolens, P. pani- 
culata, P. Carolina, P. gracilis, P. Bourbonensis. 
Contolvulacee. — Pharbitis Dickinsonii, P. hispida, P. 
hispidaBurridgeana, P. hispida alba, P. hispida atro-purpurea, 
P. limbata ; Convolvulus lineatus. 
Scrophulariacee. — Chelone glabra; Pentstemon bar* 
i 
