THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, July 17, 1860. 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
237 
Day j Day 
of 1 of 
M’nth Week. 
1 
Weather 
near London in 1859. 
Moon 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
bef. Sun. 
Day of 
Year. 
JULY 17-23, 1860. 
Barometer. 
Tkermom. 
•Wind. 
Rain In 
Inches. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Rises 
and Sets 
17 
Tu 
Phyteuma orbicularis. 
30.073—29.857 
88-48 
S.W. 
— 
5 af 3 
7 af 8 
14 2 
28 
5 50 
199 
18 
W 
Lobelia Dortmanna. 
29.827—29.772 
91—57 
S.W. 
.25 
C 3 
C 8 
sets 
® 
5 55 
ID 
Th 
F 
Verbascums, several. 
29.869—29.813 
90—54 
S.W. 
.01 
8 3 
5 8 
32 8 
1 
5 59 
201 
20 
Datura stramonium. 
29.952—29.918 
82-56 
E. 
.72 
9 4 
3 8 
52 8 
2 
6 3 
21 
s 
Sun’s declin. 20° 24' N. 
29.912—29.827 
83-52 
E. 
.02 
10 4 
2 8 
9 9 
3 
6 6 
22 
Sun 
7 Sunday after Trinity. 
29.876—29.799 
82—54 
S.W. 
.07 
11 4 
1 8 
26 9 
4 
6 9 
23 
M 
Impatiens noli-me tangere. 
29.920—29.818 
80—52 
N.E. 
.06 
13 4 
0 8 
41 9 
5 
6 11 
Meteorology op the Week.— At Chiswick, from observations during the 
last thirty-four years, the average highest and lowest 
temperatures of these days are 73.6° and 51.7° respectively. The greatest heat, 91°, 
on the 23rd, in 1843. During the period 121 days were fine, and on 110 rain fell. 
occurred on the 
17th, m 1834; ana me lowest coia, 
au-, 
WORK FOR THE WEEK. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
As the very heavy rains vre have had will have left 
some aluminous or clayey soils in a state to become hard 
when acted on hy the sun and wind, it is advisable to xise 
the fork, or hoe, to break and pulverise the surface, which 
will cause the soil so pulverised to arrest radiation by 
day, and to absorb moisture from the atmosphere by 
night. It is frequently surprising to observe the increase 
in' the size of the leaf of any vegetable, more especially 
that of the Brassica family, after being dug or deeply hoed 
between. Cabbages, plant out some of last month’s 30wn 
plants for use in the autumn. In Coleworts, make a 
sowing the latter end of the week for the first main spring 
crop. Capsicums, keep the plants watered in dry weather. 
If a little litter be laid around the roots they will not 
require it so often. Carrots, thin the late-sown crops, 
and loosen the earth between them where they have been 
sown in drills. Celery, the earliest planted to be gone 
over and divested of their small lower leaves and side- 
shoots, the trenches to be afterwards thoroughly soaked 
with water previous to the plants being earthed up, which 
should be done the following day as soon as they are 
quite dry. Endive, transplant a few more, and make 
another sowing. French Seans, make a last sowing in a 
sheltered situation; the drills to be watered if the soil is 
very dry. Onions, whoever is so fortunate as to have a 
crop of the autumn sowing, may now pull them up, to 
be laid in rows with their roots turned to the sun, and to 
be frequently turned until the stalks are withered, when 
they will be fit for storing. As they are apt to decay if 
bruised, they should be carefully handled. Let them 
be very dry when stored, and be spread out thinly, not 
huddled together in heaps. Fotatoes, to be lifted as fast 
as they become ripe. The disease, I am sorry to say, is 
visible in a crop of Early Shaivs dug up to day in this 
neighbourhood for the London market. Shallots and 
Garlic, to be taken up and dried for storing, as advised 
for Onions. Sorrel, to be cut down if required for use in 
the autumn. 
FLOWEE GAEDEN. 
The Roses require constant attention, as to good stak¬ 
ing, disbudding, stopping, removing decayed blooms, top 
dressing, or liquid manuring, and budding. The most 
excitable kinds to be budded first, and on stocks with a 
strong root action. Nail the shoots of Fuchsias and 
Petunias, and to old stumps, or roots, that may have been, 
introduced amongst rockwork, by so doing they produce 
a gay and pleasing effect in the autumn. Continue to 
peg down bedded-out plants as they progress. 
FEUIT GAEDEN. 
Espalier Apple and Pear trees to have their leaders 
tied in, the superfluous shoots spurred. Remove super¬ 
fluous shoots from the Apple and Pear trees in the 
quarters not trained, and on trees inclined to grow 
too luxuriantly; try the effect of tying downwards the 
points of some of the strongest shoots, which is frequently 
practised with very good results. Where it is intended 
No. GIG.— Vol. XXIV. No. 16. 
to make new plantations of Strawberries, the ground to 
be prepared by deep trenching ; a good portion of rotten 
dung to be incorporated with the soil but not to such an 
excess as to produce too much grossness at first, but 
rather to provide by depth for a steady and permanent 
growth. Remove all runners from Strawberries not 
required for making fresh plantations. Attend to tho 
stopping and nailing of wall-fruit trees in general, and 
continue the thinning of the Grapes on the open walls. 
STOVE. 
When a fire is necessary here, in dull weather, to be 
lighted about one o’clock, and made to burn briskly for a 
couple of hours, and then permitted to go out of itself by 
four o’clock, the house to be shut xip close about five 
o’clock, and water to be used in a liberal manner. By 
such means a congenial and sufficiently warm atmosphere 
can be retained during the night without fire heat. 
GREENHOUSE AND CONSEEVATOEV. 
Keep the plants clear of all dead and decaying leaves 
and blossoms, and the surface soil free and open. Give 
air freely night and day, syringe frequently the plants 
that are making their growth, pinching back all strong¬ 
growing shoots in due time. The plants to be potted 
when they require it, as previously directed, allowing 
them plenty of standing room that the air and light may 
circulate freely around them. If mildew appear, dredge 
them well with sulphur vivum. Care will be necessary 
in watering recently repotted plants, both of the soft and 
hard-wooded class, as in sunless weather they will require 
very little, and will be speedily injured by a careless 
supply until they have taken fresh roothold. When 
Grapes are grown in the greenhouse, they should bo 
forwarded as much as possible, so as to have them fully 
ripe before any of the plants are ready to go in. 
PITS AND FEAMES. 
Attend to Cucumbers and Melons as lately directed. 
Keep down green fly, red spider, and thrips : these, when 
checks are given to the plants from any inattention to 
their necessary treatment, will make speedy progress. 
William Keane. 
PROPAGATING PARTICULAR KINDS OF 
BEDDING PLANTS AND FANCY PANSIES. 
Theee is not one moment to lose now r in getting in a 
stock of cuttings, for planting out next year, of all the 
new varieties of the old Santana crocea. The dairymaids 
have them now in their front gardens, or can see them, 
touch and smell them, on the Rose Mount at Sydenham; 
and, of course, nobody will be quite in the fashion with¬ 
out some of the bedding Lantanas after that. The last 
basket, or the most recent contribution to the Experi¬ 
mental Garden, included three kinds of this fashionable 
family—viz., Madame Micllez, Madame Augustine Wil¬ 
helm, and Madame Henry Jacatot. These were from 
early spring propagation, and that will and must con- 
