262 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN, July 24, 1860. 
to nothing so well as the new crimson double Peach, which Mr. Fortune 
found and sent home from China. The centre spike lacks aught of the 
Brompton Stock but stature, and each of these side-shoots is a good “ Stock” 
in itself. We have no hesitation in recommending them as the best that 
has been done in the whole race. 
Name of Strawberry (A. P., Brixton).—Yowc Strawberry is a very 
finely grown Sir Harry. From the fact of your British Queen being 
equally vigorous, your soil must be epecially adapted to Strawberries. 
Insect on Goose Grass.— The short, thick, blue-black insects found 
by Captain Ward on the Goose Grass, are the larvae of the common 
Bloody-nosed Beetle (Tomascha tenebricosa). They have burrowed into 
the earth to undergo their transformation.—W. 
Excluding Worms from Pots [H. J).). —A disc of the finely perforated 
zinc placed over the hole in the bottom of the fiower-pot would exclude 
worms, even without the well formed by the dibble depicted in our pages 
a few weeks ago. 
Clump of Trees for the Surry Hills (J. Long). —As you require shade 
as well as ornament, plant Black Poplar and Birch in the centre ; next 
them Laurustinus and Portugal Laurel; and outside, the Evergreen 
Barberry {Herberts aquifoHum). A similar plantation is thriving on an 
exposed chalk hill near Winchester. 
Name of Shrub (E. M. G., Caine, Wiltshire ).—The name of the shrub, 
of which you enclose a flower, is Cassia corymbosa. 
Spots on Muscat Grape Berries (R. E .).—The fault is evidently at 
the roots; they, having struck down into the wet adhesive soil, are exer¬ 
cising an injurious influence on the fruit. The only remedy is, in the 
autumn to take out the whole of the soil from your borders, disturbing the 
roots as little as possible, and make a concreted floor twenty or twenty- 
four inches below the surface, and fill the border up with fresh soil. There 
is no necessity at all for destroying your Vines, which will soon regain a 
healthy condition. 
Names of Plants (It. S. M .).— No. 2 is the common Cranberry, 
Oxycoccus paluslris; but No. 1 we cannot make out from the specimen 
sent, though we suspect it to be the Bleaberry, Vaccinium uliginosum. 
POULTRY ATID BEE-KEEPER’S CHRONICLE. 
POULTRY SHOWS. 
July 31st. Newmillehdam. 
August 15th. Omrkiric and Southport. Sec., Mr. James Spencer, 
Ormskirk. Entrie close July 31st. 
August 22nd and 23rd. Settle (Yorkshire), non. Sees., Revs. J. E. 
Blakiston and J. Robinson, Settle. Entries close August 1st. 
August 25th, 27th, 23th, and 29th. Crystal Palace. Summer Show of 
Poultry, Pigeons, and Rabbits. Sec., Mr. William Houghton. Entries 
close July 28th. 
September 5th. Keighley Agricultural Show. Sec., R. Fawcett. 
Entries close August 29th. 
September 19th, 20th, and 21st. Portsmouth. Hon. Sec., Mr. E. Clarke. 
26, Wish Street, Southsea, Hants. Entries close August 11 
September 25th. Bridgnorth. Sec., Mr. Richard Taylor, Bridgnorth. 
October 9th, 10th, and 11th. Worcester. Hon. See., Mr. G. Griffiths. 
December 3rd, 4th, 5tli, and 6th. Birmingham. See., Mr. John B. Lythall, 
Offices, Unity Buildings, Temple Street, Birmingham. Entries' close 
November 1. 
N.B.— Secretaries will oblige us by sending early copies of their lists. 
ARE FOWLS WHOLESOME WHICH ARE FED 
ON PUTRID MEAT? 
Such is the question considered by Dr. Duchesne, in the 
January number for 1859, of the Annales d’Hygiene Publiqite. 
It is well known that man cannot indulge in putrid meat with 
impunity, and numerous eases are on record where accidents 
have occurred from this kind of food. Little is known, however, 
of the effects produced by the flesh of animals otherwise in good 
health, but nourished with flesh in a state of putrefaction. 
Certain animals can, undoubtedly, be nourished ou such putrid 
matters ; but it is important, in a hygienic point of view, to 
determine the modifications which the exclusive use of putrid 
viands may produce in the quality and the presorvability of 
fowls destined for the market. 
On the occasion of a complaint against a fanner in the neigh¬ 
bourhood of Paris, Dr. Duchesne visited his establishment ou a 
warm day in July, and towards the afternoon. The food of the 
poultry he found to consist of flesh in a state of putrid decom¬ 
position, which had been obtained from the slaughter-houses of 
Paris. The fat is first removed by cooking, and bran is added ; 
and this mixture is given morning and evening to the fowls, 
who fight for it with avidity. A very fetid odour came from the 
barrels in which the food was contained, from the vessels where 
it was supplied to the fowls, and also from the ground round 
about them. The fowls, however, appeared to be in perfect 
health. Dr. Duchesne supplied himself with three eggs laid 
that day, and also with a fowl and duck of a year old, which 
were killed before him. In three hours’ time, the poultry gave 
out a very strong odour, and the intestines were so offensive 
that they had to he removed to a distance. Decomposition 
rapidly set in. The fowl, at the end of twenty hours after being 
cooked, had an unpleasant, strong taste; and the duck at the 
end of twenty-four hours was in such a state that it could not 
be eaten. Next day, when the flesh was cold, and the smell 
abated, portions of the duck were partaken of by the servants. 
The eggs, too, were found, if kept a reasonable time, to become 
very unpalatable. In fine, it was shown that, though fowls 
nourished in this way were apparently healthy, and could he 
eaten at a pinch without great inconvenience, yet that it was 
most probable that the continued use of such articles of diet 
would be attended with danger. The Council of Health at 
once interdicted the sale of fowls fed in this objectionable 
manner. 
Dr. Duchesne continued his inquiries at the great knackery 
of Aubervilliers, where pigs and fowls are fed in great numbers 
on flesh raw and cooked, and where similar animals are reared 
on a mixed food, consisting of flesh and grain. The result of 
his observations is embodied in the following conclusions :— 
1. Fowls and pigs may be fed on sound flesh, raw and 
cooked ; on flesh, raw and cooked, of animals affected with con¬ 
tagious diseases, as glanders, malignant pustule, hydrophobia, 
&e.; and even on flesh, raw or cooked, in a very advanced state 
of putrefaction, without any alteration in their health. 
2. Chickens are reared with difficulty, if their food he re¬ 
stricted to flesh, raw or cooked, even when sound; and a larger 
number of them perish than when fed on ordinary kinds of 
food. 
3. The eggs of fowls thus nourished are as palatable as the 
eggs of fowls nourished in the common way. The shell, how¬ 
ever, is thinner, and more easily broken. 
4. The flesh of fowls and pigs nourished on flesh, raw or 
cooked, is softer, more difficult to preserve, and the fat is yellow 
and more diffluent. 
5. The doctor has still doubts as to the absolute wholesome 
ness of fowls and pigs fed on animals dying of glanders, &c., 
and recommends that the vise of the flesh of such animals 
should be prohibited for the rearing of fowls and pigs. 
0- The use of flesh in a state of putrefaction, for similar 
purposes, should be absolutely prohibited as unwholesome. 
7. Fowls should not he fed too long or too abundantly on 
worms, caterpillars, beetles, &c., as such food communicates a 
strong taste to the flesh. 
8. The continued use of flesh, otherwise healthy, and either 
raw or cooked, ultimately injures the growth of the fowls, and 
the quality of their flesh. 
0. The best method of rearing undoubtedly is, to give flesh 
but once a-day, and to finish with a meal of grain. 
10. For market use, the use of flesh should be stopped, and 
the fowls restricted for some time to the use of a vegetable diet. 
— Veterinarian. 
MERTHYR TYDYIL FOURTH ANNUAL 
POULTRY SHOW. 
This was held in the Market House, at Merthyr, on the 18th 
and 19th inst. Tire following prizes were awarded by the Judge, 
Mr. Daily, Mount Street, Grosvenor Square. 
OLD BIRDS. 
Dorkings.— Prize, J. Buckley, Llanelly. 
Spanish. —First, J. Martin, Claines, Worcester. Second, J. K. Fowler, 
Prebendal Farm, Aylesbury. Highly Commended, J. R. Rodbard, Aldwick 
Court, Wriugton, Somerset. Commended, J. Buckley, Llanelly. 
Game. —First, R.T.Crawshay, Cyfarthfa Castle. Second, W. P. Boghurst, 
Prating Abbey, Essex. Highly Commended, R. W. Price, Williams’ Field, 
Caermarthen. 
Cochins (Cartridge, Cinnamon, and Buff).—First and Second, R. T. 
Crawshay, Cyfarthfa Castle. 
Hamburgh? (Gold and Silver-spangled). — First, R. T. Crawshay, 
Cyfarthfa Castle. Second, W. Cuff, St. Fagans. 
Hamburghs (Gold and Silver-pencilled).—First, J. Martin, Claines, 
Worcester. Second, ,T. Llewellyn, St. Fagans. Highly Commended, 
E. Payne, Cardiff; J. Martin; J. T. Williams, Merthyr. 
Hamburghs (Black). — Prize, R. H. Nicholas, Malpas, Monmouth. 
Game (Malay and Indian).—First, C. Ballancc, Taunton. Second, J. J. 
Fox, Devizes. 
Polands (any sort).—First, R. T. Crawshay, Cyfarthfa Castle. Second, 
W. Williams, Bryn Mill Lodge. Singleton, Swansea. 
Bantams (Gold and Silver-laced).—First, Miss G. Everett, Gibraltar 
Cottage, Monmouth. Second, R. T. Crawshay, Cyfarthfa Castle. 
Bantams (any other sort).—Prize, E. Payne, Cardiff. 
Any distinct breed not before mentioned.— First, J. K. Fowler, 
Prebendal Farm, Aylesbury. Second, II. Leworthy, Barnstaple, Newport. 
YOUNG BIRDS OF I860. 
Dorkings. —First, J. II. Thomas, Bewell House, Hereford, Second, 
Miss I. Morgan, Barry, near Cardiff'. 
