345 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COI 
“ I have seen Roses, only single, in a great abundance, in my 
estimation four or five acres together ; they he single, and much 
like oure sinoment (cinnamon) Rose; and who have the sense 
of smelling, say they be marvelus sweete.* I hope they will 
bothe growe and beare heere, for amongst many that I brought 
home withe the Roses upon them, yet some one may grow.” 
They weighed anchor on the 6th of August (September?), and 
on “Tuesday, the 22d of August (September?), we landed at 
Saynt Katherine neer London, whear, God be thanked, we ended 
our viage, having no one man sick, God be thanked.” 
Two years after his visit to Russia Tredescant undertook a 
voyage into the Mediterranean in the expedition then destined to 
act against Algiers. He told Parkinson he had seen whole fields 
of Gladiolus in Barbary, and he brought home several new plants 
and fruits, among which was an Apricot, thus mentioned bv 
Parkinson :— 
“ The Argier Apricocke is a smaller fruit than any of the 
other, and yellow, but as sweete and delicate as any of them, 
hauing a blackish stone within it, little bigger then a Lacure 
Cherry stone : this with many other sorts Iohn Tradescante 
brought with him returning from the Argier voyage, whither hee 
went voluntary with the Fleete, that went against the Pyrates in 
the yeare 1620.” 
Seven years subsequently, in 1627, he accompanied his then 
master, the unworthy and ill-fated Duke of Buckingham, in the 
unfortunate expedition against the Isle de Rhe. Even there his 
knowledge of earthwork was serviceable. In a dispatch to Secre¬ 
tary Nicholas, dated October 16th in that year, it is stated—“ The 
winter comes on apace, the men endure much wet in the trenches, 
and John Tradescant is one of our best engineers;—pity our 
misery.”— {Calendar of State Papers, 1627—28, page 390.) 
Yet Tredescaut was not diverted from his principal purpose, 
and it is recorded that he brought from Rhe the bulbous plant 
Leucojum marinum maximum ParJcinsoni. —( Parkinson , Thea- 
trum, 624). That the Duke sustained Tredescant in his efforts 
to enrich his collection of subjects in natural history is proved by 
the only letter of Tredescant known to be existing. It is pre¬ 
served in the State Paper Office, is addressed to Secretary 
Nicholas, and dated from Newhall, July 31, 1625. It states 
that it is the Duke’s pleasure that Nicholas should deal with 
merchants trading to foreign countries to furnish the Duke with 
all maimer of rare beasts, birds, and plants. Several countries 
are enumerated, with the articles desired to be obtained from 
each.—( Calendar of State Papers, 1625—26, page 77.) 
Newhall, from whence that letter is dated, was the Duke’s 
residence, near Boreliam, in Essex, recently purchased by him 
for £30,000.— (Morant’s Hist, of Essex.) 
Tredescant was gardener to the Earl of Salisbury, Robert 
Cecil; afterwards to Edward Lord Wotton at Canterbury; 
and then to George Yilhers, Duke of Buckingham. Lord 
Wotton died in 1628, and the Duke was assassinated by 
Eelton in the same year. Lord Wotton (Baron Merley) was 
employed as a diplomatist in France, Portugal, and Scotland, 
afterwards filling important offices at Canterbury, where he had 
a mansion formed of part of the ancient convent of St. Augus¬ 
tine. From the garden attached to this mansion, Tredescant 
sent plants to Parkinson ( Paradisus Terrestris, 141).f Near the 
portraits of the Tredescants in Ashmole’s Museum is a portrait 
of Lord Wotton. We derive our knowledge of this part of 
Tredescant’s life from the following passage in Parkinson’s 
“ Paradisus,” page 152. 
“ This Spider-wort [now made commemorative by being 
named Tradescantia ] is of late knowledge, and for it the Christian 
world is indebted vnto that painfull industrious searcher, and 
louer of all natures varieties, Iohn Tradescant (sometime belong¬ 
ing to the Right Honourable Lord Robert Earle of Salisbury, 
Lord Treasurer of England in his time, and then vnto the right 
Honourable the Lord Wotton at Canterbury in Kent, and lastly 
vnto the late Duke of Buckingham) who first receiued it of a 
friend, that brought it out of Virginia, thinking it to bee the 
Silke Grasse that groweth there, and hath imparted hereof, as of 
many other things, both to me and others.” 
Shortly before Tredescant’s death in 1638 the University of 
Oxford purposed to appoint him superintendent of their Physic 
Garden,, established by Henry Danvers, Earl of Danby, in 1632. 
That Tredescant died in the year mentioned, is proved by the 
* This implies that Tredescant was defective in his sense of smelling; 
and he says so expressly in another place. 
+ Ducarel, who did not know that Tredescant had lived at Lord Wotton’s, 
thought Parkinson meant South Lambeth, when he wrote Canterbury. 
NTRY GENTLEMAN, September 4, 1860. 
following extracts from the churchwardens’ account of St. Mary’s, 
Lambeth :— 
“1634. June 1. Received for burial of Jane, wife of John 
Tradeskin, 12s.” 
“1637-8. Item. John Tradeskin ; ye gret bell and black cloth, 
5s. 4rf.”—( Notes and Queries, iii., 394.) 
The date of his death is further confirmed by that of the 
probate of his will. 
“ I have found,” says a writer in Notes and Queries, vii. 295, 
“the will of the grandsire, ‘John Tradescant, of South Lambeth, 
co. Surrey, Gardener:’ it is dated January 8, 1637, and proved 
May 2, 1638, so that the period of his death may be fairly placed 
in that year, and the defect in the parish register for some 
months following July, 1637, will account for no entry being 
found of his actual burial. The younger Tradescant was his only 
child, and at the date of the will he had two grandchildren, John 
and Frances Tradescant. His son was the residuary legatee, 
with a proviso that if he should desire to part with or sell his 
cabinet, he should first offer the same to the Prince. His brother- 
in-law, Alexander Norman, and Mr. William Ward, were the 
executors, and proved the will. Tradescant held the lease of 
some property at Woodham Water, in Essex, and two houses in 
Long Acre and Covent Garden.”— (Ibid., vii., 295.) 
In 1629, Tredescant had been appointed gardener to Hen¬ 
rietta Maria, the Queen of Charles I., and upon receiving that 
appointment It is probable that he removed to South Lambeth, 
from whence he could have easy access to the Palace gardens. 
At South Lambeth he established his museum, concerning which 
and his collection of plants we shall give full particulars when 
we publish our biographical notice of his son. 
GRAFTING HARDY SHRUBS. 
I am employed by my late master to work for him a quantity 
of hardy shrubs, on standards, and I am puzzled in the choice of 
stocks. What stocks would you recommend to work the Coto- 
neaster, and the Phillyrea, and the Fyrus japonica, also the 
Laurustinus on ?—T. H. Stacey. 
[Most of the shrubs that will do as standards and half-stand¬ 
ards will do so better on their own roots. All the Laurels, 
Laurustinus, Bays, Box, Phillyrseas, Alaternus, Lilacs, Snow¬ 
ball Guelder Rose, Buckthorn, Berberis asiaticus, Comus or 
Red-wooded Dogwood, Philadelphus, Euonymus, the purple¬ 
leaved Nut or Corylus, and many more like them do exceedingly 
well trained up into standards of from two to five feet of clean 
stem, and all on their own roots, and that is the only way to get 
a permanent standard of Cydonia japonica; but for temporary 
use it will work on the ground, and the Cotoneaster w T ill answer 
for a few years worked on the White Thorn, or May ; but about 
Bath it grows higher than they have walls for it, on its own 
roots. We had it sixteen feet high in twelve years, tied up like 
a pillar Rose; and it is one of the best pillar plants we know, 
but as ugly a thing for a standard as one could well conceive. 
There is no book specially for budding and grafting, nor one-half 
so good and sure as the early volumes of The Cottage Gar¬ 
dener for this very project, which wc have earnestly set forth in 
our early days and pages.] 
GAZANIA SPLENDENS. 
Having read in The Cottage Gabdenee, Vol. XXII., 
page 315, a description of a new bedding plant seen by Mr. 
Beaton at Messrs. E. G. Henderson & Son, Wellington Road 
Nursery, called Gazania splendens, and the best bedder of all 
the family, 1 would just note down a few remarks upon it. 
Having seen Gazania splendens in flower, we liavo been able 
to judge it ourselves, and we believe it to be nothing more than 
the old Gazania or Gorteria rigens. We know gardeners that 
have bought Gazania splendens in the spring, thinking of having 
a splendid display of flowers in their flower garden, and they see 
now that what they have got is not a fragment better than Gazania 
rigens. 
We have two beds of Gazania rigens here (Luton) which are, 
on a sunny day, one perfect mass of large and beautiful flowers 
about six inches from the ground ; leaves about three inches long 
and half an inch wide, smooth and shining on the upper side, and 
quite white on the under side. The flower is an orange-yellow, 
with a yellow Daisy-like centre; the outside ray of petals being 
also yellow, with a purple ring at the bottom of the petals, and 
