CHURCH-ROCK 
We traversed the great depression, which gave us 
irrefutable evidence of what had taken place in that zone. 
The great, rocky, plateau-like mountain to our left had 
split and fallen over on the north side, describing an arc 
of a circle of 90°. In fact, as we went along, in places 
where the rock underfoot was exposed, we were treading 
over laminated rock, the stratification of which was ver¬ 
tical, and corresponded exactly to that of the upstanding 
wall where the stratification was horizontal. 
Behind “ Church-rock ” to the northwest was a 
massive plateau, beyond which stretched an immense, 
undulating depression with two outstretching spurs from 
southwest to northeast upon it. “ Church-rock ” was 
twenty-six kilometres from our last camp. 
On the north side of “ Church-rock,” close to the 
conical hill upon which the giant quadrangle of rock 
rested, was a hump formed by huge blocks, the top one 
— a colossal one — just balanced, as if it might tumble 
over at any moment. Then on the side could be seen a 
lava-flow and huge masses of lava which had been shot up 
with great force and curled over, retaining the frothy 
appearance of its former state of ebullition. 
Strangely enough, even when seen from the side and 
from behind (north-northwest view), “ Church-rock” re¬ 
tained all the semblance of a castle and church perched 
up on that high pinnacle. From the north-northwest, 
besides the castellated towers which surmounted all, there 
appeared a perfect representation of a gabled roof over 
the body of the church, as well as the flying buttresses of 
the walls. Behind was a great cylindrical annex with a 
semispherical superstructure, such as is often to be seen 
behind Roman Catholic churches. The illusion was really 
wonderful. 
Owing to the pools of water not far from “ Church- 
rock ” we called that spot Caponga de la Lagoa. 
A few hundred yards beyond “ Church-rock ” we came 
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