68 
ACTINOPTERTGII. 
pedicle scarcely exceeding one third the maximum depth of the 
trunk. Pectoral fins comprising about 14 rays; pelvic fins with 
7 or 8 rays, not shorter than the pectorals, arising midway 
between the latter and the anal; dorsal fin with about 55 rays, 
the two or three foremost being comparatively short and spinous, 
the first articulated ray the longest, and this not exceeding one half 
the depth of the trunk at its insertion ; anal fin short and deep, 
extending backwards slightly beyond the dorsal, and comprising 
15 rays, of which the two foremost are comparatively short and 
spinous. 
The appearance of a barbel below the mandible, observed in one 
specimen by von der Marck (Zoc. cit. 1863, p. 38, pi. iv. fig. 5), 
seems to be deceptive. 
Form. ^ Loc. Upper Cretaceous: Westphalia. 
P. 3291. Pine specimen, chiefly in impression, nearly 0-5 in length, 
associated with remains of smaller individuals and of 
Sardinioides ; Sendenhorst. The long and low cranium 
can be distinguished, and the mandibular suspensorium 
is clearly inclined forwards, the outline of the quadrate 
being traceable below the orbit. The small gape of the 
mouth is indicated, and there are remains of a series of 
small hollow conical teeth in the upper jaw. The oper¬ 
culum and preoperculum are shown in impression, and 
there is a series of 10 branchiostegal rays beneath. 
Towards the end of the tail the impressions of the short 
and deep vertebral centra exhibit their fine longitudinal 
ridges. About twelve rays of one of the pectoral fins 
are preserved not much below the vertebral column, 
and accidentally turned forwards. The pelvic fins com¬ 
prise comparatively few rays, but these must at least 
have equalled the pectoral fin-rays in length, and they 
are finely divided and articulated in their distal half. 
The dorsal fin consists of 54 rays, but those of its anterior 
portion are partly imperfect and displaced. The anal 
fin seems to comprise 14 or 15 rays, of which the first 
four gradually increase in length, while the fifth is the 
longest; the two foremost rays are spinous, the next two 
exhibit only close articulations towards the distal end, while 
all the others are both divided and articulated distally. 
There are numerous small fulcral rays at the base of the 
caudal fin both above and below. The characteristic 
scales are only partly shown in impression; but the 
