' V /' 
144 
ACTIXOPIERYGII. 
pelvic fins mucli smaller, these arising much nearer to the former 
than to the anal and opposed to the origin of the dorsal; dorsal fin 
with about 10 rays, occupying the middle fifth of the back ; anal 
fin not much extended, with 8 raj^s, arising considerably behind the 
posterior end of the dorsal. Dorsal scutes broader than long, 
emarginate behind and thus heart-shaped; ventral ridge-scales com¬ 
paratively small in advance of the pelvic fins, but rapidly increasing 
in size backwards beyond it, the three hindermost scales relatively 
very large, but all smooth with only one sharp point and no 
serrations. 
Form. Loc. Upper Cretaceous : Bahia, Brazil. 
P. 7109. Fine specimen described and figured by the present 
writer, loc. cit. p. 2, pi. i. fig. 1 ; from the beach between 
Itacaranha and Plataforma, near kilom. 7, Bahia and San 
Francisco Railway. 
Presented hy Joseph Maivson^ Fsq., 1893. 
P. 8256-58. Three specimens ; near Itacaranha. 
Presented hy Joseph Maiuson, Esq., 1896. 
P. 413. iVlore fragmentary large specimen; near Itacaranha. 
Presented hy Joseph Maiuson, Esq., 1881. 
P. 5530. Remains of small head and abdominal region, showing 
anterior ventral ridge-scales, noticed by the present writer 
in Ann. Hag. hfat. Hist. [6] vol. ii. (1888), p. 134 ,• near 
^— Itacaranha. Presented hy Joseph Maivson, Esq., 1881. 
'\ k hi ((4 HTI A U Jo 
Diplomystus (‘Reidy)t. 
1856. Clupea humilis, J. Leidy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. p. 256. 
1870.. Clupea pusilla, E. D. Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. vol. xi. 
p., 382; and Ann. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Teriit. p. 429. 
•1873. Clupea humilis, J. Leidy, Contrib, Ext. Vert. Fauna W. Territ. 
(Rep. U.S, Geol. Surv. Territ. vol. i. pt. i.), p. 195, pi. xvii. fig. 1. 
1877. Piplomystus humilis, E. D. Cope, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. Territ. 
vol. iii. p. 811. 
1884. Piplomystus humilis, E. D. Cope, Vert. Tertiary Form. West, 
Book I. (Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Territ. vol. hi.), p. 77, pi. vi. fig. 3, 
^ pi. ix. fig. 8, pL X. fig. 4. 
Type. Nearly complete fish ; National Museum, Washington. 
An elongated species attaining a length of about 0*18, the caudal 
region comparatively slender and much shorter than the abdominal 
region. Length of head with opercular apparatus slightly less than 
the maximum depth of the abdominal region, which equals nearly 
one third of the total length of the fish to the base of the caudal 
