ENCHODONTID^. 
225 
Cimolichthys nepseolica (Cope). 
[Text-figures 8, 9.] 
1872. Etnpo nepaholica, E. D. Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. toI. xii. 
p. 3-1/. 
1872. Cimolichthys siilcatus, E. D. Cope, ibid. p. 351. [Dentary] 
1874. Empo sulcata, E. D. Cope, Ball. U.S. Geol. Surv. Territ. no. 2^ 
p. 46. 
1875. Empo nepceolica, E. D. Cope, Vert. Cret. Form. West (Bep. 
U.S. Geol. Surv. Territ. vol. ii.), p. 230, pi. xlix. fig. 9, pi. 1. fig. 8, 
pi. lii. fig. 1, pi. liii. figs. 3-5. 
1900. Cimolichthys nepaeolica, F. B. Loomis, Palasontogr. vol. xlvi. 
p. 271, pi. xxvii. figs. 1-3. 
Type. Imperfect palatine bone ; Cope Collection. 
The type species of the so-called Empo, 'with skull from 0-3 to 
0'4 in length. The sides of the cranial roof and the outer face of 
the mandible ornamented with numerous and closely-arranged 
sharp ridges, mostly radiating and bearing a series of minute 
tubercles ; these ridges on the dentary bone radiating from the 
symphysis, on the articulo-angular bone radiating from the 
mandibular articulation. Maximum width of cranium across frontal 
region about half its length ; maximum depth of mandibular ramus 
contained six or seven times in its length. Premaxilla a very 
thin lamina with a regular and uniform series of sharply recurved 
teeth, as small as the outermost teeth of the dentary; palatine 
inner teeth in close series, half as thick at the base as the large 
outer teeth, which are inclined somewhat outwards but strongly 
recurved towards the apex; ectopterygoid teeth few and large, the 
two foremost being the largest, compressed to a sharp edge in front 
but not behind; mandibular teeth also compressed to a sharp edge 
only on their anterior aspect and strongly recurved. Operculum 
considerably broader than deep. Dorsal scutes in front of dorsal 
fin ovate and produced into a slender point in front, ornamented 
externally with radiating series of very fine tubercles. 
Form. Log. Upper Cretaceous (iSTiobrara Group) : Kansas. 
P. 6330. Imperfect head and abdominal region^ sketched in outline 
in the accompanying fig. 8. The cranium is exposed 
from above, displaying the large frontals (/r.) but crushed 
at the occiput and wanting the ethmoidal region. The 
remains of the jaws are displaced below and to the left of 
the cranium. The delicate laminar premaxilla {pmoc.), 
with its small recurved teeth, is seen in front. The left 
palato-pterygoid arcade {pt.) is imperfectly displayed, with 
P^RT IV. Q 
I 
