68 Constitution of Hayti. 
They are all equally eligible to the civil and military ser¬ 
vices. 
19. There exist in the State no distinction of orders, no dis¬ 
tinction of birth, no hereditary powers. 
20. Individual liberty is guaranteed. No one can be 
arrested or detained, except in the cases determined by law, 
and according to the manner by it established. 
21. In order to the execution of an act, which decrees the 
arrest of any person, it must, 1st, set forth formally the motive 
of the arrest, and the law in execution of which it is decreed; 
2d, emanate from a functionary to whom the law has formally 
given this power; 3d, be notified to the person arrested, and a 
copy left him. 
All arrests that the law has not prescribed, or made without 
the required forms, all violence or rigor employed in the execu¬ 
tion of a mandate, are arbitrary acts which every one has a 
right to resist. 
22. No one can be forced to appear before any other judges 
than those that the Constitution or the law assigns him. 
23. The house of every person, resident on Haytian Terri¬ 
tory, is an inviolable asylum. 
No domiciliary visit, no seizure of papers can take place, ex¬ 
cept by virtue of the law and in the forms prescribed. 
24. No law can have a retroactive effect. 
25. No punishment can be instituted except by law, nor im¬ 
posed, except in the cases determined by law. 
26. The Constitution guarantees the inviolability of property. 
27. The Constitution also guarantees the alienation of the 
national domains, as also the grants of land made by the 
Government, either as a national gratuity or otherwise. 
28. No one can be deprived of his property, except on 
account of public utility, in the cases and m ann er established 
by law, and in consideration of a just and previous indemnity. 
29. The punishment of confiscation cannot be established. 
30. Every citizen owes his services to the country for the 
