130 
The People of Hayti. 
terminate ignorance with all its pestilential progeny. In this 
noble work, it is hoped, the emigrant will come in aid. 
ORIGIN. 
The blacks of Hayti are the descendants of between thirty 
and forty African races. These races, however, are now with 
difficulty recognized; and perhaps not half of them have pure 
representatives. They have mingled bloods, and become one 
people. In the days of slavery, the Congos were the most 
numerous of the imported blacks. Their chief characteristics 
were described to be, a genial disposition, a love of song and 
of the dance, an intelligent spirit, and a great fondness for 
plantains. The Senegals, the next in numbers, most nearly 
resembled the whites in character and feature ; they had fine 
faces, and were distinguished by their silent habits, intellectual 
superiority, and bellicose disposition. The Yolofs possessed 
similar traits. The other imported races were the Calvaires, 
(from Cape Vert,) the Foulahs, the Bambaras, the Oniambas, 
the Mandingas, the Bissagots, the Socos. the Bourignis, the 
Cangas, the various tribes of the Gold Coast, the Ardras, the 
Caplavus, the Mines, the Agonas, the Sofos, the Fantins, the 
Cotocalis, the Popos, the Foedas, the Fonds, the Aonssas, the 
Ibos, the Nagos, the Benins, the Mokos, the Mousombes, the 
Mondongas, and a few from Monomotapa, Madagascar, and 
Mozambique. The relics of their languages preserved in the 
Creole dialect, are largely of Congo origin; with the exception 
of some Vaudoux verses in which the Ardra and Canga tongues 
predominate. This circumstance, however, is owing to the facts 
that the Vaudoux worship is of Ardra origin, and that the Ardra 
tongue remained the language of its ceremonies. 
There are very few traces of the Indian races in Hayti. The 
aboriginal inhabitants were utterly extinguished by the merciless 
and mercenary Spaniards. Of the imported Indians, one 
occasionally sees memorials in the longer hair and more regular 
beard than ordinarily belongs to the man of pure African 
