58 
S. Kopec: 
suboesopbageal ganglion. In the autoplastic transplantation of the 
germ of a compound eye on the abdomen of the caterpillar we 
also observe normally developed imaginai eyes, although no nerv¬ 
ous junction exists between them and the nervous system. 
In the case when eyes are not regenerated, the removal of the 
germ of an eye in the caterpillar-stage induces distinct changes in 
the structure of the optic ganglion: viz. the absence of external 
strata and, to a certain extent, the abnormal development of the 
internal ones. 
The removal of the larva’s brain affects detrimentally the de¬ 
velopment of the imaginai suboesophageal ganglion. 
4) The development of the imaginai hypodermis and of the ima¬ 
ginai chitinous integument together with the wings, the structure 
of legs, antennae etc. are on the whole independent of the central 
nervous system. 
5) For the normal process of metamorphosis the presence of the 
brain, at least up to a certain moment, is indispensable. The specific 
function of the larva’s brain is thus to provoke and to regulate in 
the larval organism the beginning of histolytical processes which 
are characteristic of the stage of transformation into the chrysalis- 
form. Out of 25 female larvae deprived of the .brain on the third 
day after the last moult, only three animals transformed into pu¬ 
pae after 12*5—16 - 5 days; the remainder lived even up to 31 days 
and died at last, having absorbed their whole store of fat. (The 
caterpillars refused food after the removal of the brain). Out of 16 
controlling female larvae of the same age, with analogically injured 
heads but not deprived of brain, thirteen being left without food, 
became pupae after 6'5 —12 days, the remaining died having lived 
for 7—11*5 days. Out of 18 normal female caterpillars taken under 
observation, the third day after the last moult, 100% transformed 
to chrysalis-form after 6 5—13 days. 
Larvae whose suboesophageal ganglion was removed (the junction 
of the brain with the remainder of the nervous system being thus 
destroyed) behave in general normally. Larvae deprived of 1—3 
ganglions of the thorax or of the abdomen transformed to pupae 
at the same time in the anterior and the posterior part, relatively 
to the removed ganglions. From these experiments we infer that 
the observed influence might be ascribed to chemical processes. 
The brain accordingly would have to play the „role“ of an organ 
