38 
MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES. 
GATHERING CHRYSALIDES AND COCOONS. 
The larvee of many moths go into the ground to pupate, where 
they remain (many of them) during the winter. At the approach 
of warm weather they work their way to near the surface where the 
perfect insect can easily find its way out. At such times they are 
easily found by raking over the fallen leaves under the trees in close 
proximity to their trunks. Scattered groves of large trees are likely 
localities in which to hunt for chrysalides in this manner; and pines, 
oaks, poplars, willows, elms, etc., are reasonably sure to furnish treas¬ 
ure for the searching. 
A stout, forked stick makes a good tool with which to work, and 
a box containing leaf mould answers well for a depository for the 
specimens, in which they may be left until the flies emerge. The 
cocoons of a variety of moths may be found attached to the twigs of 
the trees on which the larvae feed, after the leaves have fallen in the 
autumn. Wild cherry and sassafras will sometimes be found with a 
number of cocoons attached, while oaks, elders, birches, maples, and 
numerous other trees and shrubs will each yield their reward for dil¬ 
igent search. The naked chrysalides of butterflies are often attached 
to fences, walls and houses besides the stems of the food plants of the 
larva. The chrysalides of many butterflies are exceedingly difficult to 
find, and with some species it is only by most diligent search that 
success may be attained. If one wants to make a trial, let him begin 
with one of our most common butterflies, Colias philodice, which 
abounds everywhere in fields and meadows in summer. See how 
many hours of patient exploration are necessary to find the first 
chrysalis; while to locate in the pupa state Argynnis idalia , Meli- 
tcea phceton, Limenitis Ursula , Papilio turnus and others of our well- 
known butterflies may require many days of study and careful search. 
TO REAR SPECIMENS FROM THE EGG OR THE LARVA. 
Many species of lepidopterous insects are easily reared from the 
egg or the larva. 
One may procure the eggs of some butterflies and moths simply 
by enclosing in mosquito netting a fertilized female with a branch of 
the plant upon which the larvee feed. Some insects, however, cannot 
