264 
MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES. 
Another form, Junonia lavinia , is lighter in general coloring 
than either of the preceding, but is marked very similar to the 
last named species. The upper wings are more pointed, and the 
lower pair have more prominent points on their outer margins 
than our other native species. 
Junonia genoveva. Female. 
Some of the most beautiful as well as the most widely distributed 
and best known butterflies are included in the three genera of Pyra- 
meis, Vanessa and Grrapta. 
In Pyrameis the wings are scalloped, but not angular, the larvse 
are armed with branching spines, and they live a solitary life within 
a rolled leaf. The chrysalides are angular on the sides, and on the 
back of the thorax is a sharp ridge. Rows of small tubercles follow 
down the hack of the abdomen. The chrysalides are often objects of 
great beauty, looking as if made in part or wholly of gold, and 
highly polished. This brilliant coloring is gradually lost as the time 
for the hatching of the butterfly draws near. 
A very pretty butterfly is Pyrameis atalanta , and the bars of 
orange red on its dark wings make it a very conspicuous object, and 
one of the first to adorn the cabinet of the young entomologist. It 
frequently hibernates over winter and is among the earliest butter¬ 
flies to make its appearance in the spring, though such specimens are 
usually very much faded and worn and look as if the frosts of winter 
