PREPARATION OF THE GROUND 
P&EPAB.E BEDS ®V 
/ SPADING soo UNDEH. 
»»0l.VERI2E BV RAKIMG 
^AFTEfc BEDS ARE SPADED 
Spade and plow thoroughly and deeply, raking or 
harrowing the soil fine and leveling off to facilitate 
planting. Dig holes generously wide and 
receive root system without crowding or 
roots. Loosen the soil in the bottom of 
so that the roots may grow “in” readily. 
may he benefited by spading manure in 
advance of planting. 
deep to 
cramping 
the hole 
Poor soil 
sometimes in 
PRUNING BEFORE PLANTING 
Pruning stocl^ at the time it is transplanted as¬ 
sures more rapid recovery, providing less heavy top 
to be supported by the roots which themselves are 
burdened with the task of reestablishing tiny feed¬ 
ing rootlets. Use a sharp knife or shears. 
Trees. Remove about one-third of the top from 
average heavy tops, by clipping branch ends and re¬ 
moving small branches and interfering limbs. Cut off 
frayed or bruised roots just above the point affected. 
Leave one branch or stem to develop into a leader. 
Shrubs. Thin out the tops of many branched 
shrubs, removing old wood, and cut back average 
plants about one-third. Hydrangeas should be cut 
back to the ground. Remove frayed or damaged roots 
as directed above for Trees. 
Fruit Trees. Trim roots as advised for Trees 
above. Peach, Cherry, Apple, Pear and Plum stocks, 
in branched sizes, should be pruned so that three to 
five branches, well placed about the trees, should re¬ 
main. Leave a leader for developing. One year grades 
usually whips, should be topped to the desired head¬ 
ing out, usually from 12 to 30 inches. 
Raspberry, Blackberry, etc. Are usually supplied 
cut back. Tops should be removed to about 6 in¬ 
ches from ground when planted. 
Grapes. Cut back roots proportionately to de¬ 
velopment. Tops should be removed, leaving one 
stem with three to four buds. 
Roses. Cut roots as advised for trees and shrubs, 
removing bruised and broken parts. Cut tops back to 
three to four buds on each stem. 
Privet Hedge. Cut tops back to four to six inches 
above the ground to insure dense base growth. Set 
slightly deeper than stocks stood in the nursery. 
