9 
v was to be seen. After two days travelling we arrived at the shores of the 
f Frozen Ocean, The Tungusians called it Angardam or Terra Firma. To 
f reach the Mammoth we were obliged to traverse a peninsula called Byschofskoy- 
f Mys or Tamut. This peninsula, which stretches into a spacious gulf, is on the 
f right of the mouth of the Lena, and extends, as I was informed, from south- 
f east to north-west for the length of 80 wersts, (about 53 miles). The name is 
f probably derived from two points like horns, which are at the northern end of 
f the promontory. The point on the left, which the Russians more especially calf 
c Byschofskoy-Mys on account of its greater extent, forms three large gulfs, 
' where are some Jakutsk settlements : the opposite point, called Manstai, on 
f account of the great quantity of floating wood found on its shore, is of half the 
f size ; the bank is lower, and this canton is completely inhabited. The distance 
c from one point to the other is reckoned at 45 wersts (30 miles). Hills form the 
- f more elevated part of the peninsula of Tamut. The rest is occupied by lakes, 
‘ and all the low lands are marshy, &c. 
c The peninsula of which we have just spoken, is so narrow in some 
* places that the sea is seen on both sides. The rein-deer migrate every year 
£ regularly, abandoning these places to proceed by the frozen sea towards Bor- 
‘ chaya and Nytjansk, and for this purpose they assemble in large troops towards 
c the autumn.* To follow the chase of these animals with greater success, the 
* Tungusians have divided all the country of this peninsula into departments sepa¬ 
rated by paling. They alarm the rein-deer by loud cries, and by dogs which 
f pursue them. The rein-deer frightened by this noise run into the inclosures of 
' the palings, where they are easily taken; all those which try to escape on the 
‘ ice are shot by the hunters. 
<r The third day of our journey we pitched our tents at some hundred 
f paces distant from the Mammoth, on a hill called Kembisaga-Shaeta. 
Schumachof related to me nearly in these terms the history of the dis¬ 
covery of the Mammoth. 
f The Tungusians, who are a wandering people, remain but a little 
r time in the same place. Those who live in the forests often take ten years or 
‘ more to travel over the vast regions between the mountains, during this time 
? Sauer Beschreibung dec Billingschen Reise, p. 130* 
