Order COLUMBIFORMES. Family TRERONIDJE. 
No. 1. 
HEMIPHAGA SPADICEA. 
NORFOLK ISLAND PIGEON. 
(Plate 1.) 
Hemiphaga Bonaparte, Compt. Bend. Acad. Sci. Paris, Vol. XXXIX., Dec. 4th, 1854, p. 1076. 
Type (by original designation) : Columba novceseelandice Gmelin. 
Hemicarpophaga Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., Vol. XXI., p. 236,1893 (after June 30th). New 
spelling only. 
Colttmba SPADICEA Latham, Index Ornith. Suppl., p. lx., 1801 (after May 30th) : Norfolk 
Island. 
Chestnut-shouldered Pigeon Latham, General Synops. Birds, Suppl., Vol. 2,p. 375,1801: Norfolk 
Island. 
Columba spadicea Latham, Index Ornith. Suppl., p. lx., 1801 (after May 30th): Norfolk Island ; 
Temmincli and Knip, Les Pigeons, 2nd fam., p. 1, pi. 1, 1809 : Friendly Islands error= 
Norfolk Island; Selby, Natur. Library (Ornith., Vol. V.), Pigeons, p. 127, pi. ix., 1835. 
Columba gigas Ranzani, Elem. Zool., Vol. III., pt. i., p. 223, July, 1821: Friendly Island error= 
Norfolk Island. 
Columba leucogaster Wagler, Systema Avium, Colomba, sp. 12 (p. 231), Oct., 1827. New name 
for C. spadicea Latham. 
Columba princeps Vigors, Proc. Zool. Soc. (Lond.), Sept, 20th, 1833, p. 78 : Australia error= 
Norfolk Island; Jardine and Selby, Illustr. Ornith. N.S. (Vol. IV.), pi. v., pt. i., 1837. 
Carpophaga spadicea G. B. Gray, List Spec. Brit. Mus., pt. iii., p. 6, 1844 (Aug. 1st.). 
Hemiphaga spadicea Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, Vol. XXXIX., Dec. 4th, 1854, 
p. 1077; Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., Vol. XXI., 1893 (pref. June 30th) ; Rothschild, 
Extinct Birds, p. 161, pi. 21, 1907 (before June 19th) ; Mathews, Handl. Birds Austral., 
errata, p. 123, 1908 (Jan.) ; id., Syst. Av. Australas, p. 54, June 13th, 1927. 
Hemiphaga novatseelandice spadicea Mathews, Nov. Zool., Vol. XVIII., p. 452, Jan., 1912 ; id., 
List Birds Austr., p. 326, 1913 (Dec.). 
Distribution. Norfolk Island (extinct). 
Adidt. Fore-head and fore-part of the crown metallic-green, changing into copper on the occiput, 
nape and hind-neck ; lores, sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, chin, throat and chest 
metallic-green, strongly washed with golden-bronze ; mantle violet-purple with a strong 
gloss ; scapulars ash-grey, strongly washed with copper ; lower back, rump and upper 
tail-coverts glossy greenish-grey ; wing-coverts light grey, shaded witli greenish-grey; 
primary-quills greyish, becoming almost white towards the base ; tail-feathers blackish 
glossed with purple ; breast, abdomen, flanks, thighs, under tail-coverts, under wing- 
coverts and axillaries pure white ; under aspect of quills ash-grey. Total length 480 mm.: 
culmen 23, whig 258, tail (broken) 188, tarsus 33. Middle toe 38, hind-toe 20, inner 
toe 25, outer toe 28. Figured. Collected on Norfolk Island. Skin in Liverpool Museum. 
The sexes are alike, the female being smaller. As the bird is extinct nothing is known of its 
life history. 
Nests and eggs are not described. 
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