BIRDS OF THE AUSTRALASIAN SOUTH POLAR QUADRANT. 
Re the coloration of the immature, a gradual change in the pigmentation 
of the feathers of the crown of the head takes place, which can be traced from 
the first year’s immature plumage, through the ordinary adult, right up to 
the example of extraordinary plumaged adult from the Snares Island off the 
coast of New Zealand. 
To begin with, in the first immature plumage, which replaces the down 
at the end of the first year, the crown is distinct from the rest of the black 
head as a diamond-shaped patch of pearly bluish-grey. This is seen to be 
effected, if one examines the crown feathers closely, by the terminal third 
of each feather being pale bluish-grey tipped with a tinge of yellow, while the 
central third is black, and the basal third is white. If the same crown feathers 
are examined from the head of a bird in ordinary adult plumage the arrange¬ 
ment of the pigment in each feather is found to have altered completely. In¬ 
stead of three bands there are only two, the terminal half being dark brown 
or black, with a minute amount of orange pigment intermixed, and the basal 
half white. Associated with this change in the individual feathers is an obvious 
change in the crown patch, which instead of being grey is now' seen to be 
black with a greenish gloss, wliich results from the intermingling of minute 
dots of vivid orange pigment with the black. The same green gloss is to be seen 
upon the chin and throat. In the Emperor Penguin the immature birds show 
precisely the same pale pearly-grey patch that is found in the immature King, 
though the changes are not continued in the adult Emperor as they are in the 
adult King. 
Note. —Aptenodytes maxima Molina, Saggio Sulla Storia Naturale del Chili, 2nd edn., p. 201, 
1810, is a substitute name for patagonica Lath. =Miller. 
A. cyanocephala , id., ib., p. 202, substitute name for papua. 
A. saltatrix, id., ib., p. 202, substitute name for magellanica. 
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