ADELIE PENGUIN. 
smooth groove with foot and wing marks on each side, each working in 
alternation with the other. 
On land, as, for example, in the rookeries, they progress as far as possible 
on them feet, and in making the longer journeys up the mountain sides, over 
very craggy rocks and really difficult steeps, they bring bill and wings into 
use as well as feet and nails, and blood stains in their tracks show that 
sometimes they must suffer in the process. 
At Cape Adare, where some of the birds nest at a height of nearly 1,000 
feet, then- pathways are peculiar. They choose, to begin with, the gulleys 
and “ chimneys ” which are more or less filled with snow drift, and the constant 
procession of birds up and down these gulleys in the steep mountain side 
gradually v r ears a number of deep cuttings in the hard snowq which intersect 
one another in every direction, and leave lozenge-shaped pinnacles standing 
in between. 
The pace at which these birds can travel in the water rivals that of 
many fish; on land they are, of course, not so fast, though their pace when 
toboganning on their stomachs is about as quick as a man can run on 
ice and snow, and a great deal faster that the birds can travel on their 
feet. 
There is the quaint habit in this bird, as well as in the Emperor and 
the King, of sleeping in an upright position with the bill tucked in behind 
the flipper. It sleeps at times on its breast with the head drawn in upon 
its neck. 
The food of the Adelie Penguin during the summer months consists 
almost entirely of EupJiausia superba, a red shrimp-like Schizopodous crustacean, 
which exists in vast numbers in the shallow seas of the Antarctic. These red 
crustaceans can be seen sometimes in large numbers in the water, frequenting 
chiefly the ice-pack, the edges of the ice-floes, or the foot of the ice cliffs 
which form the sea faces of the Barrier snow plains. Here, therefore—in 
the early hours of the morning, more abundantly than at any other time, 
but at every hour in the twenty-four as well—may be seen hundreds of 
Penguins feeding, their black heads and loud voices proclaiming their business, 
while they swiftly dash in and out of the water in small companies like 
a school of little dolphins. 
In its passage through the alimentary track the colouring matter of this 
crustacean is apparently little altered, so that the ground which is occupied 
by an Adelie Penguin rookery takes on a brick-red colour from the excrement, 
and this can be recognised by sight, even at a very considerable distance 
from the shore. Not only does the general colour of the ground give evidence 
from afar of the situation of a rookery of Adelie Penguins, but the smell has 
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