THE ROYAL ARTILLERY INSTITUTION. 
m 
5. “ From the moulding at front end of the breech-piece,— 
2 3a 35 
Top of moulding. Side of moulding. 
Copper. 90*57 93*70 94*22 percent. 
Tin . 9*75 6*23 5*60 
c. “ From the moulding at the rear end of the chase,— 
No. 4. 
Copper ... 91*22 
Tin ... 8*49 
d. “From the moulding at the muzzle,— 
No. 5. 
Copper ... 95*20 
Tin . 5*71 
“ Samples 1 and 4 approach closely in composition to the best description of 
gun-metal of recent manufacture. 
“Nos. 15 and 2, which are comparatively rich in tin, exhibited specks of white 
alloy interspersed through the mass. 
“Nos. 3, 35, and 5 contain higher proportions of copper than have been found 
in any other specimens of ancient gun-metal, the results of "which have been 
published. Thus, the large Bhurtpoor gun at Woolwich, which was cast in 1677, 
contains from 60*5 to 86 per cent of copper in different parts of the gun; a large 
bronze gun also at Woolwich (one of four which were cast at Florence in 1750), 
contains 89 per cent of copper, and about 10 per cent of tin. 
“The Malik-i-Mydan, or great gun of Beejapore, which was cast in 1648, is 
stated to contain only 80*42 per cent of copper, and 19*5 per cent of tin; and the 
Dhool Dhanee, or great gun of Agra, which was cast in 1628, contains (according 
to the analysis made by the Assay Master in Calcutta in 1832), 92*7 per cent of 
copper, and 7*3 per cent of tin near the muzzle, and 88*3 per cent, of copper to 
11*7 per cent, of tin near the breech. 
“ It is interesting to note that in the seven specimens taken from the great gun 
of the Dardanelles, which have been analyzed, only traces of other metals than 
copper and tin have been discovered. Lead and iron were detected in minute 
quantities, and traces of antimony and arsenic were also discovered, but a careful 
examination of the specimens for gold, silver, and zinc, failed to furnish any 
indication of the presence of those metals.” 
(Signed) F. A. ABEL, 
War Department Chemist. 
Chemical Department, 
Woolwich, Aug. 6, 1868. 
