ACHIEVEMENTS OF FIELD ARTILLERY. 
13 
Vizinkioi on Mount Avliar, 1 and the Aladja Dagh Mountain, leaving 
only a small advanced guard in front of his left flank at Little Yahni. 
The Russians, however, had no idea of terminating the campaign 
on account of the cold, and were in fact maturing a scheme by which 
they eventually destroyed the whole of Moukhtar's army, and laid open 
the way for the capture of Kars. The plan of campaign they had in 
mind was that, while the main body of the army should demonstrate 
against the heights of Avliar and Aladja Dagh from the north, a 
detachment under General Lazareff should sweep round the Turkish 
right on a wide arc by the ruins of Ani until it gained the rear of the 
Turkish left at Orlok. The strength of the force told off to make this 
turning movement was 15,000 infantry, 22 squadrons, and 70 guns, 
while the reinforcements it picked up on its way further increased its 
total until it reached 20,000 infantry, 3000 cavalry, and 78 guns. 
The remainder of the Russian troops were disposed in three detach¬ 
ments, that on the right, under Major-General Count Grabbe, consisted 
of 3 battalions, 15 squadrons, and 8 guns, and was close to, and a little 
south of Zaim. 
The centre, under Lieutenant-General Heimann, numbered 24 bat¬ 
talions, 20,000 men, 8 squadrons, and 101 guns, and was between the 
Great Yahni and Hadji Yeli. 
The left wing, under Major-General Kouzminski, was composed of 
8 battalions (6000 men), 24 squadrons, and 24 guns, and stood in front 
of Kizil Tepe. 
Major-General Dehn led the reserve of 5000 infantry, 8 squadrons, 
and 40 guns, which was posted in front of Kulveran. 
General Roop was placed in general command of the right, left, and 
reserve detachments. 
The Turkish army which was opposed to these troops, including the 
garrison of Kars, only numbered about 36,000 infantry, a considerable 
force of cavalry of inferior quality, and some 150 guns. 
Lazareff left the Russian head-quarter camp at Karajal on the night 
of the 9th of October, his march was conducted with great secrecy, 
almost altogether at night, and as he went along he unrolled a line of 
field telegraph behind, which eventually extended for 40 miles, and, 
wonderful to relate, being left undisturbed by the enemy, placed him 
in the closest communication with the Grand Duke, who was superin¬ 
tending the whole scheme of operations, and largely contributed to their 
success. 
Heimann and Roop were to remain inactive till Lazareff was estab¬ 
lished at Bazardjilk, when Heimann was to assail Avliar and break the 
enemy's centre, while Roop attacked the Aladja Dagh and completed 
the circle which was to enclose the Turks. 
On the 13th Moukhtar had been informed by spies as to Lazareff's 
movement, and had placed Reshid Pasha with 6000 men between 
Orlok and Bazardjilk to check his further progress. 
So weak a force was, however, easily brushed away by the Russians, 
who seized the positions it occupied with but trifling loss on the 14th, 
1 Called also the Acolias Hill (by the Russians), Eyliatepisse (by the Turks), Awly-Yer, and 
Olya Tepe. 
