EOYAL TROPHY GUNS AT WINDSOR. 
521 
side—the rebels having left theirs in Carlisle Fort, as before mentioned, 
and not having at this date received the field guns recently sent over 
to them by France : while those of the Royal army (Captain Cnnning- 
hants company, which had re-equipped at the Tower and rejoined the 
army 1 2 ) had stuck inextricably in a bog, and fell into the hands of the 
rebels. 3 These guns were, however, re-captured at the battle of 
Culloden. 
Battle op Culloden, 16 April, 1746. 
The Royal Artillery train sent to Flanders in 1742, and engaged in 
campaigns there under H.R.H. the Duke of Cumberland until 1745, 
consisted of thirty brass 3-prs. 3 ; and in the winter of 1745 H.R.H. 
brought home from Flanders four companies to aid in suppression of 
the rebellion in Scotland. These four companies proceeded at once to 
Woolwich to take over the new equipment, and, while two companies 
were sent to the army camp at Finchley, from the four ex-Flanders 
companies, officers and men were despatched to Scotland with sixteen 
(4-prs.) battalion guns. 4 These are the guns which at Culloden “were 
so exceedingly well plied that they made dreadful lanes through the 
clan regiments ”—(“Annals of War,” 1746, by Sir Edward Cust, p. 
101)—“served with so much skill and promptitude as to contribute not 
a little to the triumph of that memorable day”—(“Military Antiquities,” 
1783 edition, Yol. II., p. 212. 5 ) 
The armament of the forts in Scotland in 1745-6 was that laid down 
in detail in the Royal Warrant of King George I., dated 6th July, 
1716, and consisted wholly of iron ordnance, with exception of three 
brass cohorns in Fort William, Inverness; the 4-pr. field equipments 
were abolished in 1745-6 (the only occasion of their employment hav¬ 
ing been to quell the rebellion in Scotland); three of the companies 
from Flanders took back with them a. 6-pr. equipment in 1747 on 
rejoining the Allied army (leaving the 4-pr. behind); and as after 1 746 
there has not been any instance of 4-prs. being employed in war (by 
the Royal Artillery), the three 4-prs. at Windsor, of post 1745 manu¬ 
facture, cannot be trophy guns and must have formed part of the 
normal establishment of guns allowed for Windsor, which, by Royal 
Warrant of 6th July, 1716, amounted to 25 guns (calibres discretional). 
1 By R.A. pay lists, endorsed “ October to December 1745,” the route was via Dunstable, Don¬ 
caster, Northampton, Newcastle. Clearly no blame attached to Cunningham at Prestonjoans, in 
September ; and the story narrated by Artillery writers refers to FalkirJc subsequently. 
2 “Annals of War ” (Cust), 1746, p. 96: but in his “Memoirs of the Scottish Rebellion,” the 
Chevalier de Johnstone, who was with the Pretender, gives a different account of this (which is 
being dealt with in a separate paper). 
3 By Royal Warrant, 4th May, 1742, “His Majesty approves of 30 pieces of brass ordnance, 
all 3-prs., viz.:—two for each of the 15 battalions ordered to the Austrian Netherlands.” 
4 See also “England’s Artillerymen,” p. 13. The R.A. pay lists, 1746, show that all these gun 
detachments, with ex-Flanders officers and staff, were welded into a composite company (Captain 
Mace’s, which company was broken up in December 1748). Colonel Wm. Belford commanded 
the Royal Artillery at Culloden, with Lieut. Joseph Brome as Adjutant, and Lieut. Stanover as 
Quartermaster. 
5 “ The well served guns of the English overpowered the impetuous bravery of the highlanders” 
—(“Chambers’s Encyclopaedia,” art. “Culloden”)—“who were received upon the point of the 
bayonet, galled by an unexpected fire of musketry, and blown into the air by the artillery ” 
—(Russell’s “ Modern Europe,” Vol. II., p. 420). 
8 4-prs. 
16 4-prs. 
Permanent 
armament of 
the forts in 
Scotland. 
4-pr. field 
train not re. 
vived after 
1746. 
