A preliminary REPORT on clays oe elorida 
117 
Limestone, Miami Oolitic Limestone, and the Palm Beach Limestone, 
and are found in the extreme southern portion of the peninsula. No 
known clay deposits are associated with them. 
There are many alluvial and lacustrine deposits of clay and clay¬ 
bearing sands throughout the State. These are principally Pleistocene 
and Recent, yet a few of them may have been formed during the Pliocene 
period. These undifferentiated deposits lie chiefly along the floodplains 
of the larger streams. 
Extensive flood-plain deposits are found in the valley of the St. 
Johns River extending from Volusia County northward to Jacksonville. 
Many of these clays have never been worked and many more of them 
are capable of being utilized for various grades of structural materials. 
Former brick plants have been located near DeLand, DeLeon Springs, 
Denver, Palatka, Rice Creek, and Middleburg. Most of the clays found 
in this region are sandy, but some of great purity are found. Similar 
deposits are found in the vicinity of Kings Ferry. On the Ocklocknee 
River two brick plants (Ocklocknee Brick Co. and Tallahassee Pressed 
Brick Co.) now in operation, are using flood-plain clays. On the Apa¬ 
lachicola River several deposits of-good quality are known and one of 
them is being worked at Blountstown. 
The sedimentary kaolin found in several points in central Florida 
is of uncertain age. It will be discussed more fully in a subsequent chap¬ 
ter. Numerous lacustrine deposits will be discussed in the detailed 
description of deposits in the following chapter. 
conditions oe sedimentation and sources oe material 
A complete geologic understanding of the clays of Florida involves 
a study of the geology of adjoining states. It also involves a review of 
the geologic processes that have been operating in Florida through the 
evidences by which these processes have been interpreted. Clay is 
always a secondary product; that is to say, it is always the result of 
decomposition and disintegration of pre-existing rocks. Igneous rock 
is the ultimate source of all other rock and therefore is the primary 
source of all clays. 
No igneous rocks are known to occur in Florida and in view of the 
geologic conditions under which the Floridian land mass was formed, 
the probabilities of encountering igneous rock at any reasonable depth 
