48 
orncR work or a garrison battery. 
Pay . 
75. In matters concerning Pay, the Regulations practically used 
are contained chiefly in the Pay Warrant of 1st’May, 1878, and the 
Financial Instructions of April 1871). The Secretary of State publishes 
his orders every month under the name of Army Circulars, the clauses 
of which alter, from time to time, all regulations concerning Pay, Cloth¬ 
ing or Equipment, so that there is a constant alteration in process. 
To keep pace with these variations, all standard hooks of regulations 
must be interleaved when bound, and all changes in them must 
be noted as follows. For example, an alteration in the Finance 
.Regulations is made by clause 223 of Army Circulars of 1879. Imme¬ 
diately on receipt, an entry is made in the first blank page of the' 
Finance Regulations, in a list made for that purpose : “ A. C. 228, of 
October 1879, Monthly Pay List Balance, affects paragraph 159A On 
the blank leaf opposite paragraph 159 is entered a note that A.C. 228, of 
October 1879, alters it, and the alteration is copied in, at the first 
leisure, on the blank leaf ; a little tick being put against the original 
clause as soon as this is completed, to show that it has been attended 
to. At the end or beginning of each year an Index to the Circulars 
in force is published, with what purports to be a list, or addenda to the 
list, of cancelled Circulars. At present the detail of these cancelled 
Circulars will be found in the List published with Army Circulars of 
1st January, 1878, and the addenda thereto published with clause 18 
of 1878. At any time that notice is received that a Circular is can¬ 
celled the words “cancelled by clause — of 1879 /’ or whatever year 
is given, are written across it. Thus, to get information on many points, 
an officer must first find out in the Index whether there is any Cir¬ 
cular on the subject, and, if the Circular is found, he must make certain 
that no later clause, especially of the current year, has altered it. For 
example, the regulations for the married establishment arc found in 
clause 165 of 1876, altered by clauses 47 and 79 of 1877; 60, 68, 170 
of 1878, and 59 and 151 of 1879. The penalty for a mistake is 
forfeiture by the Major of any sum erroneously advanced; so that the 
position of an officer taking over a Battery whose Circulars have not 
been altered to date is not enviable. The difficulty of issuing the 
existing Circulars in one volume, and distributing them according to 
subjects, would not appear to be great. Messrs. (FByrne of 18 Adam 
Street, Adelphi, have from time to time published useful volumes of 
the Circulars and General Orders actually in force; unfortunately 
they omit the appendices, which are often the most useful parts. It is 
hoped the list contained in paragraph 200 (not published with this 
series of notes) may be found useful; but no private efforts can really 
remedy the inconvenience of having to use as authorities a number 
of books containing circulars about one-half of which are cancelled. 
Practically, it is much the same as if for Bradshaw was substituted 
all the notices of alteration of trains issued by the railway companies 
for the last thirty years. 
76. The Major obtains the cash required to pay his Battery as 
follows, In the beginning of, say December, he “estimates^ on 
