664 
MEMORIAL DE ARTILLERlA. 
Also at certain periods general manoeuvres of all arms—as in other 
countries—in which camping, bivouacking, picketing, foraging, outpost 
duties, accessory defences, positions in case of alarm, &c., should be 
studied. 
2. The author recommends that the course of the regular annual 
practice be divided into three parts—(1) range finding and judging 
distance, (2) aiming drill, and (3) shooting at targets. He only treats 
of the last, the importance of which is fully recognised by all officers. 
The Hermans now no longer fire at known, but at unknown ranges, 
and against objects similar and similarly situated to those that would 
be met with on service. 
In Spain, expense is so much considered, that several important 
reforms have to be neglected or to be slurred over, but the writer 
tries to impress on his readers the fact that “ if armies in peace time 
prepare for war, the expenses they incur will be the more fully recouped 
the higher the perfecting of both theoretical and practical instructions 
attains to; and then when critical times do arrive, economy is secured, 
and above all, the blood of our soldiers is spared, and the honor and 
glory of our arms maintained.” 
He puts the minimum number of rounds per gun per diem at 8, and 
names 20 days as the time the practice should last, and all classes of 
ammunition should be used during that practice, according to the 
varied circumstances of warfare. 
It is a notable fact that though there is in Spain a central school of 
musketry for the Infantry, who possess but one weapon, there is no 
school of gunnery for the Artillery. 
The “ Proceedings ” of the R.A. Institution of England say,— 
ec Artillery may be likened unto the Queen at Chess, it may be a source 
of weakness, according as it is employed.” Major Yon Schell of the 
German Artillery writes —“ The value of an Artillery is measured by 
the quality of its shooting.” The author accordingly advocates spring 
manoeuvres, where all details pertaining to Artillery Instruction should 
be carefully carried out, and the Select Committee of the Corps (Junta 
Superior Facultativei) after examining the results of the exercises and 
practice, should award prizes to both officers and men who prove them¬ 
selves the best gunners. Also, in a General Order, the best regiment 
and the best battery in each regiment should be noticed. 
The Engineers have an annual camp of instruction at Guadalajara, 
and the author hopes that the Artillery which attend that camp, may, 
for the future, be able to afford more effective help to their sister 
service than they have hitherto done. 
This concludes the remarks of the writer of this article, and there 
can be no doubt in any Artillery Officer's mind as to the soundness of 
them. Although the writer does not intend this evidently as an essay 
on the subject, but rather as a means of drawing the attention of his own 
countrymen to what is specially needed in his own service still there 
is in it good practical advice to all belonging to the Artillery arm, and 
if all he advocates were practised, much good must accrue therefrom. 
