674 
TRAINING OF “ POINTEURS 99 FOR ARTILLERY. 
(d) Laying with the sights, quadrant, plumb-line and pointing- 
rods. 
(< e ) Laying by means of an auxiliary mark. This method is 
employed whenever it is impossible to lay the gun directly 
on the object by means of its sights, or when the object is 
not clearly defined . The point may be chosen either in front 
or in rear. It should be as far away as possible, and.should 
be clearly defined. The gun should always be brought back 
to the same position after recoil. 
(f) Correcting the elevation. This is done by giving so many 
extra turns, or portions of turns, to the hand-wheel of the 
elevating gear, except when the correction is large, when 
the tangent scale is reset. 
(y) The use of the deflection leaf. 
(A) Measuring the inclination of the trunnions, and showing 
practically what is the effect of their inclination. The 
inclination is measured by the quadrant, and a rule is 
given similar to our formula :— <c Inclination of trunnions 
in degrees x elevation in degrees, = deflection in minutes 
towards the higher wheel.'” 
(i) Laying on a running target. 
(j) Miscellaneous recapitulation. 
The men are now practised in laying on distant objects by all the 
methods already enumerated. They are never allowed to alter the 
elevation and deflection ordered. 
4. The final Classification of “ Pointeurs.” 
A “ pointeur 39 should be able to satisfy the following conditions :— 
To give without hesitation the elevation ordered, either by means of 
the tangent scale or the quadrant ; and similarly the deflection. 
To lay with regularity and rapidity. 
Further, the “pointeurs” of each battery should lay with uniformity. 
5. The following example is given as a means of assisting in the final 
selection of pointeurs.” The exact method employed must vary 
according to circumstances. 
A target with a moveable disc, as already described, is placed near a 
mark on the barrack wail. 
(a) All the guns are laid on the disc, and its position marked. 
(b) Without moving the guns, the tangent sights are altered so as 
bring this wall-mark into the lines of sight. 
(c) The guns are slightly traversed and elevated. 
(d) Relaid on the wall-mark with the deflections and elevations 
obtained, as described in (b). 
