ARMOUR-PIERCING PROJECTILES. 
483 
The 2*0 diameter head proved to be the best as far as these experi¬ 
ments went. The Committee were of opinion that an increased length 
of head, beyond 2*0 diameters, showed no decided advantage in oblique 
fire at wrought-iron armour at angles of 30° and upwards. 
The flat-headed Whitworth shell was not superior to a shell of the 
same material with a 1*5 diameter head. 
Two Whitworth shells remained unbroken after impact, one being 
the flat-headed one, but the chilled shells produced most effect on the 
target in spite of their breaking up. 
The result of c was as follows :— 
Order of 
merit. Shell. Head. 
1. Camraell . 2*0 diameter. 
2. Whitworth. 1*5 „ 
3. Cammell . 1*5 „ 
4. Whitworth. 2 0 „ 
5. Cammell . Special (No. 1). 
6. * . „ (No. 2). 
No chilled shells were tried, as it it was known from the preliminary 
trials that they had little effect on steel-faced armour, when the latter 
was beyond their powers of perforation. 
Again, a 2*0 diameter head was the best with CammelFs shells, but 
on the other hand Whitworth's 1*5 diameter beat the 2*0 diameter 
head. The special forms had very little effect. 
No shells remained entire after impact. The cast-steel was broken 
up much smaller than the forged steel. 
The result of d was as follows :— 
Order of 
merit. Shell. 
Head. 
1. Cammell .. 
2. Whitworth. 
. Flat head. 
3. „ . 
4. E.L. (chilled) .... 
. 2*0 „ 
No shells with 1*5 diameter heads were tried, as there was only 
room on the target for a few rounds. 
The angle of the line of fire with the normal varied from 25° to 27°. 
The flat-headed shell was not practically superior to the 2*0 diameter 
head. 
All the projectiles were broken to pieces more thoroughly than in 
the case of direct fire at compound plates. The scoops were nearly 
circular in outline instead of being elongated, as was the case when 
firing at wrought-iron. 
Conclusions . 
The Committee arrived at the following conclusions with regard to 
the best material for armour-piercing projectiles. The Whitworth 
