TRANSPLANTING 
It is at this point of culture that probably as many mistakes are made as 
at any other period. In order that some idea of the causes of such trouble 
may be brought to your attention, we offer the following few remarks. 
TIME TO TRANSPLANT 
Many growers, we find, try to complete this operation while the plants 
are too young. Seedlings should be large enough to withstand this with as 
little loss as possible, and so they do not receive injury from it. We find 
that plants from 8 to 12 leaves seem to be the best size. Care should be taken 
in setting that the plants are transplanted to the same depth as in the seedling 
bed. Shallow setting will make a weak root stool, while setting too deep 
will cause tall illformed plants. 
You will have to work out the spacing at which to transplant to your 
individual conditions. We use 8x8 inches here in outdoor operations. Closer 
setting, however, is often used with best results. 
You should transplant in separate lots over a period of time the same as 
sowing where conditions will permit, as some spread of development may 
be obtained from the same sowing through early medium and late trans¬ 
planting. 
SOIL FERTILITY 
Because of the short root system developed, and the heavy drain a Pansy 
places on soils, it is absolutely essential than an abundance of fertility be 
made available if large sized flowers are to be produced. Green manures are 
one of the best fertilizers for Pansies, due to the fertility and texture improve¬ 
ment they provide. Clover, Cow Peas, Oats, or Soy Beans turned under make 
the finest stock we have ever grown or seen. Humus in a soil is essential for 
best results with Pansies and these offer the cheapest method of obtaining it. 
Where space does not permit the use of cover crops. Granulated Peat Moss 
will supply humus in a pure form and be found a fine addition to close soils, 
FERTILIZERS 
Every locality and soil is a separate problem within itself. For this reason 
we only outline here practices which have been found successful in various 
localities. They may give you an idea for trial that will help you work out 
your individual problem along this line. 
Cow manure is undoubtedly the best for universal application. It should 
be as strong as possible but not too fresh. Rotted, it may be used most 
liberally. Sheep and Goat manure is excellent in some soils while not good 
in others. In its use care should be taken not to burn the plants. Horse 
manure, if composted and allowed to develop, makes good material for 
some soils. Chicken and rabbit manure should be used sparingly, if at all, 
until it is determined how your soil reacts with it. 
In the commercial fertilizers, we have had excellent results from Swift's 
Vigoro in the ready mixed sorts. In soil of good humus content it gives us 
good results, and plants grown with it seem to winter exceptionally well. 
We find, however, that a little added nitrogen added just as soon as plants 
begin to grow in early spring improves stock grown by it. This is obtained 
by applying 1 pound of Sulphate of Ammonia to 2 50 square feet of bed. 
Broadcast during a rain or sprinkle in so as not to burn foliage. Bone Meal 
is an excellent element both for seedlings and transplanted beds. Usually 
it may be used very liberally. For forcing Pansies various elements are re¬ 
sorted to, chief among which probably is blood meal. Lime should be used 
sparingly unless slaked. Raw agricultural lime often causes burn on Pansies 
during wet or cold weather, and in some cases the combination of the two 
in fall and winter may prove fatal. 
INDOOR CULTURE 
In recent years more and more interest has been shown in the growing 
of Pansies as an indoor crop for cut flowers. For this purpose select a suit¬ 
able strain (see otter of our Harrold’s Pedigreed Cut Flower Pansies) if 
best results are to be expected. Sow plants in July or early August and trans¬ 
plant into frames at proper time. When the weather cools somewhat or 
after Mums are gone these plants may be lifted with a large ball of soil, 
and set indoors. Set as far from the glass of house as possible, preferably 
in a center bench as too close a contact with the glass will cause excessively 
long growth, that is weak. Soil used should be about the same as that giving 
best outdoor results for you. 
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