9 o 
THE GARDEN OF THE WORLD 
wax to keep out rain and bugs. If he has done 
his work carefully, the twigs will grow just as 
well as on their own tree, and in a few years he 
will have delicious fruit. 
The seedling to which the twigs are grafted 
is called the stoc\, and the twigs which are 
grafted on are called cions (pronounced si'ons). 
There are several ways of grafting—that is of 
cutting and fitting—but the principle is always 
the same. The growing part of the stock and 
the cion must fit together. The growing part 
of the tree is just under the bark. 
Sometimes grafting is used for another pur¬ 
pose. In France, the largest industry is making 
wine from grapes. Some years ago all the 
grape vines began to die. It was found that 
some plant disease had attacked the roots. For 
a time it seemed that all the vineyards would be 
lost. It was a very serious situation but at last 
somebody discovered that American grape vines 
could not catch this disease. They were im¬ 
mune to it. No matter how close they were 
placed to the diseased plants they grew and 
