GLEN ST : MARY NURSERIES. 
PROPER DISTANCES FOR PLANTING. 
Peaches.15 to 20 feet each way 
Plums.12 to 15 feet each way 
Pears — LeConte.25 to 30 feet each way 
Pears—General Varieties.18 to 20 feet each wav 
Japan Persimmons.15 to 20 feet each way 
Apples—Standard.18 to 20 feet each way 
Oranges — General Varieties.25 to 30 feet each way 
Oranges—Satsuma.15 to 18 feet each way 
Apricots.15 to 20 feet each way 
Grapes — Bunch Varieties.8 to 10 feet each way 
Grapes — Southern, Muscadine type.18 to 25 feet each way 
Quinces.12 to 15 feet each way 
Figs.12 to 15 feet each way 
Pecans.30 to 40 feet each way 
Olivas. 18 to 25 feet each way 
PREPARATION OF THE GROUND AND TRANSPLANTING. 
The land for an orchard should be dry, or at least of such a character that will 
drain readily and not hold water on or near the surface for any length of time. If 
it seems to be rather wet, it can, in many cases, be made suitable for fruit trees bv 
throwing it up into ridges with a plow, and setting the trees on these ridges with 
the dead (or water) furrows running between the rows of trees in the same general 
direction that the land slopes. 
If the ground has been in previous cultivation, the work of preparing it for trees 
is comparatively easy. If, however, it be new land, freshly cleared and still full of 
stumps and roots, more work is of course necessary. The removal of all stumps 
previous to planting is not a necessity, although it adds greatly to the appearance 
of an orchard and to the ease with which it can be subsequently worked; but 
whether the stumps are removed or not, the ground, if rough or sour or full of roots, 
or not in good tilth, should be plowed and harrowed or cultivated freely. The places 
that the trees are to occupy should then be thoroughly dug over, loosening the soil 
to the depth of a foot or more over a circle at least three feet in diameter. Two or 
three handfuls of fine bone meal or ashes spaded into the ground at this time will 
be advantageous, or one or two shovelfuls of well rotted compost, or both; but never 
use, fresh manure unless it is applied at least three months previous to the time of 
planting the trees. 
In planting, two men should work together, one of whom should hold the tree 
in a perpendicular position, while the other spreads out the roots in their natural 
position and packs the finest and best pulverized earth obtainable in close contact 
with every root and fiber. This should be done with the hands. Have the man 
who performs this part of the work to do it thoroughly. Be careful not to plant too 
deep; remember that nearly all trees do better with the base of their crown roots 
at or near the surface; orange trees in particular must receive careful attention in 
this respect. 
After having packed the earth around the roots with the hands, pull up a small 
circle of earth (saucer shaped, with the tree in the center), and pour in a pail of wa¬ 
ter; after the water has had time to settle away, see if there are any vacant spaces 
under and around the crown roots near the trunk; if so, pack them full of fine 
earth with the hands; then pull on more earth and pack with the feet. After this 
is done, place around the tree some sods, wire grass, pine straw, or something to act 
as a mulch, and prevent the surface from baking. When set in the above described 
manner, the ground will keep in a moist and friable condition, and the trees will 
hardly need any subsequent watering. Remember that if they are to be watered. , one 
thorough drenching is worth more than a dozen small applications. 
