Glen St. Mary Nurseries. 
32 
into almost any shape, makes it exceptionally valuable as an ornamental. While it is bare of leaves in 
winter, its vivid green stems and unique and peculiar outline gives it a very striking appearance. Its large 
white flowers are followed by a showy fruit, which hangs, golden yellow, on the trees through the winter. 
AS A STOCK FOR THE ORANGE AND OTHER CITRUS . 
In nursery, the trifoliata is a rapid and vigorous grower. All varieties of oranges and other citrus take 
readily upon it and grow off well ; and so far as our observations extends, and we have investigated the sub¬ 
ject very carefully, are permanently successful and prolific on this stock. Mr. Reddick, from whom we have 
quoted above, says : "I have had more than thirty varieties of the citrus family on trifoliata, and they all 
seemed to do well, pomelos especially. They make prolific trees, that commence to bear in about three years 
from the bud. The fruit cannot be distinguished, either in size, appearance or flavor from fruit grown upon 
other stocks.” 
Increases Hardiness. The trifoliata stops growing early in the fall, is entirely dormant in winter, and 
starts late in spring. Varieties of the orange and citrus fruits worked upon it will stand more cold than upon 
other stocks; however we explain 
this effect, the fact remains, dem¬ 
onstrated by experience. While 
it is, perhaps, not likely that this 
will result in any very consider¬ 
able extension of the orange belt 
northward, planting upon this 
stock will certainly reduce the 
frost risk in the northern edge and 
exposed locations of the orange 
region ; and upon it the Satsuma 
and others of the hardier sorts 
can be grown successfully in many 
places in the Gulf region westward 
to Texas. 
Satsumason trifoliata, planted 
at the North Carolina Experi¬ 
mental Station in 1890, were cut 
down by the March freeze of this 
year(i894). But even hardy trees 
are injured by freezing after the 
sap rises, and this freeze was so 
late and so severe that pears, 
peaches, persimmons, etc., were 
cut to the ground, as well as Sat- 
sumas. No claim is made for 
the hardiness of any orange, even 
upon trifoliata, as far north as 
North Carolina, and the fact that 
the trees refered to stood three 
winters in this region and only 
succumbed in common with hardy, 
deciduous trees, shows their 
hardiness, rather than otherwise. 
In the Lower South, north and 
west of the Florida peninsula, 
this March freeze did more exten¬ 
sive damage to the fruit interests 
than any cold snap which has oc- 
cured since these interests have 
been developed. Recently planted 
trees on trifoliata,. with buds too 
young to have mature wood, were 
damaged in the northern limits 
of. this region and in especially 
cold spots, but along the coast, in 
Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, 
Alabama and Florida, but few 
A Fruiting Branch of Citrus trifoliata. young trees were touched, and 
