34 
Glen St. Mary Nurseries. 
Cross-section of Salsuma Orange. 
it'is not too sour and immature to sell if artificially "colored up,” but that it really ripens early. In October 
it is golden yellow on the trees, as bright and fully 
colored as we are wont to see Oranges at Christmas 
and the interior is not disappointing; the segment- 
sacs— deep, translucent, orange-yellow, the color of 
ripeness—are bursting full of rich, sweet, exquisitely 
flavored juice, all its qualities fully developed. It is 
everywhere an early-ripening sort; just what influ¬ 
ence latitude has in hastening maturity remains to 
be determined. Certain it is that at Glen St. Mary, 
which is well up in the northern part of the state, 
but eight miles from the Georgia line, the fruit is 
ready for market in September and October, and by 
the last of November has "gone by,” is over-ripe, 
has lost its juices and the high flavor which makes 
it so exceptionally delicious earlier in season. 
Hardiness, Size, Prolificness. This is the hardiest 
known variety of the Orange. Its range of adapta¬ 
bility in this particular on the trifoliata we have 
referred to at some length in speaking of that hardy 
stock. On the sweet orange stock it can be grown 
much further north than other Oranges. The orchard 
of 500 bearing trees at Glen St. Mary is entirely 
upon sweet orange roots, and the trees have been 
uninjured by cold. We have had trees in bearing 
for some years, and, with the exception of one season, 
when the crop was shortened by late frost catching 
the bloom, have never failed of a full crop. At ten years, under fairly favorable conditions, the trees on sweet 
orange stocks will attain a spread of top from 16 to 20 feet, and a height of 8 to 10 feet, and will yield from 
3 to 5 boxes. These figures are given from actual measurement. How large the trees will finally become 
it is impossible to say, as there are no full-grown trees in this country. 
A Good Grower. The impression that the Satsuma is a poor grower has gained some currency. This 
is erroneous. When the trees are surrounded by proper conditions, no fault can be found in this respect. 
Our orchard trees budded low (buds inserted near the ground) on sweet stocks are vigorous ; in fact, when 
the productiveness of the young trees is considered, they are remarkably strong growers. 
As a Money Maker. Among Oranges, the "Japs.” rate the Satsuma "best of all,” and in this country 
it certainly heads the list as a money maker. It is becoming known in market, and last season was quoted 
in most "price currents” during October and November at figures considerably above the top for other 
kinds. Our last crop netted $2.50 per box on the trees! It would have averaged considerably more than 
this if it had been shipped as early as it should have been. Acting on advice received —" the orange market 
hasn’t fairly opened up, and fancy fruit will not sell yet” — shipping was deferred until October, and prolonged 
into November. The advfce proved misleading, as the earliest prices were the best, and there was a steady 
falling off as the season advanced. The average net on the trees for all that reached market before thefirst 
of November was $3.19 per box. The entire crop, if marketed in Octo¬ 
ber, as it should have been, would have averaged over S3. But the $2.50 
actually realized is not a bad figure for the year of lowest prices on 
record for Oranges. The seasonoprevious, the crop sold for $4.30 per 
box, gross. 
OTHER VARIETIES. 
While the Satsuma, Tangerine and King are Mandarin Oranges, they 
are known in market and commonly called by these names, which properly 
designate the varieties, and in commercial usage and to some extent in 
pomology, the term "Mandarin” is restricted to a particular strain or 
type of Oranges of this class, the fruit being lighter in color than other 
Mandarin Oranges, and the trees having distinct foliage, with willow¬ 
like leaves. There are, in reality, a number of varieties embraced in this 
strain or type, but they differ so little that the name Mandarin is applied 
to them in common usage as to a single variety. The China, described 
below, is a Mandarin in this sense, and is one of the best of the several 
very similar kinds. The Mandarin (China) and Tangerine are too well- 
known to need comment. They ripen in mid-season, the Mandarin first, 
followed by the Tangerine ; with the early Satsuma and late King form- 
ng a succession extending through the season. 
Satsuma Orange. Much reduced. 
