SIEGE OF SEBASTOPOL. 
527 
68 pr., 95 cwt. 32-pr. guns \ h 
10-inch guns f 8 to 9 men 24-pr. guns j 
8-inch guns ( each. 13-inch mortars, 7 men each. 
Lancaster guns J 10-inch mortars, 6 men each. 
8 and 5J-inch mortars, 4 men each. 
Besides these, there were magazine men to look to the ammunition, 
load shells, cut and fix fuses, etc. During the several bombardments, 
the hours for the reliefs varied ; in that of April, they were at 1 a.m. 
and 3 p.m. daily. 
As there were batteries both in the Right and Left Attack, served by 
the Royal Navy, it will be interesting to compare their arrangements 
with those of the Royal Artillery. Their guns were on ship carriages 
and worked as if afloat. The number of men for each description of 
ordnance in a gun’s crew was as follows :— 
68-pr., 95 cwt. 1 Petty Officer and 36 men each. 
Lancaster guns, 95 cwt. 1 Petty Officer and 36 men each. 
10-inch guns. 2 Petty Officers and 32 men each. 
32-pr. and all other guns. 28 men each. 
These guns crews were divided into four reliefs, Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4. 
In the winter time, only one relief went into the batteries day or night. 
During a bombardment, two reliefs were always present in the daytime, 
but only one through the night. 
Commencing the 1st of April, 1855, the reliefs were regulated as 
follows :— 
First day : Nos. 1 and 2 reliefs went into the batteries at daylight, 
1st relief returned at sunset, leaving 2nd relief in the batteries for 
night duty. 
Second day : 3rd and 4th reliefs went in at daylight, 3rd returned 
at sunset, and 4th remained for night duty. 
Third day : 1st and 2nd reliefs went in at daylight, 2nd returned 
at sunset, and 1st remained for night duty, and so on. 
Each relief had thus thirty-six hours in the batteries every four days ; 
the night reliefs were always allowed twelve hours rest, after which 
they were told off into the necessary working parties for carrying 
powder and shot, or other fatigue duties connected with the batteries. 
On the other hand, the men of the Royal Artillery were nominally 
relieved once in twenty four hours, but counting the time taken in 
marching to and fro between the trenches and the camp, about one-and-a- 
half hours, those in the Left Attack had but ten hours off duty out of 
the twenty four, while in the Right Attack, they had ten hours on duty 
and only six off out of each sixteen hours. # The armament of our 
batteries in the Left Attack is given in the morning states, Nos. 1 and 2, 
which are appended. 
Having thus given details of our batteries and the arrangements 
connected with them, the subsequent account of the bombardment will 
be more intelligible if we add some particulars concerning the Russian 
batteries with which they had to contend. For simplicity’s sake, the 
information is tabulated. On one side is given the ordnance in, and 
the nomenclature of the Russian batteries, and on the other, the names 
by which we called their batteries. Looking then towards Sebastopol 
and beginning on our right with the Redan. 
* For these details, see “ Artillery Operations by Royal Artillery and Naval Brigade 
before Sebastopol, 1854-5,” by W. E. M. Reilly, C.B., Captain and Brevet Major—Brigade 
Major Siege Train. Kane’s List, No. 2081. 
