3 
real warfare: the defender would be able to hold his position with weaker forces 
and would be able to bring up his reserves in good time and to the proper place ; 
and the true relation of time to distance would be realised. 
It is of the highest importance, not only with regard to the tactics of artillery, 
but also to those of the other arms that due appreciation of the effect of artillery 
fire should be shewn throughout manoeuvres. This is, we must admit, easier 
said than done, but “ where there is a will there is a way.’’ 
It would only be necessary to set up two framed screens in the line of fire of 
a battery in order to make its direction known far and wide; its objective could 
also be made well known by making use of different natures of fire against the 
different arms—thus, if slow fire from a flank signified that artillery was the 
objective, one round of rapid fire, cavalry, salvos, infantry, many of the present 
difficulties would disappear and the difficult task of the umpires would be made 
easier, in spite of the additional duty put upon them. 
In conclusion attention must be drawn to other consequences entailed by dis¬ 
regarding the effect of artillery fire; for instance, the frequent premature changes 
of position by the batteries and the widely circuitous movements made in search 
of cover, even during the decisive phase of an engagement. So long as artillery 
moves and does not shoot, it loses in real warfare its fighting value; in 
manoeuvres, on the other hand, no importance is attached to this principle. There 
can be no question but that this is wrong. 
If we attribute even at manoeuvres its full fighting effect to the artillery, its 
movements will be carried out more in conformity with the actual conditions 
of war. 
