18 
HINTS ON REPLACEMENT OP CASUALTIES. 
(8.) Riding Wheeler Disabled. —Unhook and cast loose disabled 
horse. Fasten centre horses to shaft horse as described in case (7). 
The pad is a rough seat for a driver to ride without stirrups, but if 
great hurry is required he must put up with it, putting his disabled 
horse’s driving rein on his new mount. If there is no particular hurry 
he can make up some reins with the leading and driving reins and sit 
on the limber to drive from. 
(9.) Both Wheel Horses Disabled. —Unhook and cast loose disabled 
horses. Back centre horses into their places. Make back and belly- 
band for shaft horse as in case (7). For breeching take another drag- 
rope, fasten one end round the off shaft in front of the iron breeching 
loops, pass the rope under the horse’s croup, and fasten it round the 
near shaft in front of breeching loops. For this we are indebted to 
Colonel Gambier, R.A. Fasten the traces of both new wheelers round 
the splinter bar. 
(10.) Off Shaft Broken—To drive curricle.' —Colonel Gambier also 
instituted the following arrangement : Take head-rope or head-collar 
chain, fasten to ring on off hame of near horse, take turn round near 
shaft where tug would rest, pass the rope over the off horse’s saddle, 
and fasten it to ring on off hame. Do the same with another head-rope 
or head-collar chain, beginning with ring on near hame of off horse. 
This forms admirable draft and safe. 
(11.) Near Shaft Broken. —Take the horses out. Put off shaft into 
place when shifted “from double to single draft.” Hook a swingle- 
tree on to end loop of splinter bar on off side. 
Hook your horses in as in case (10). 
(12.) A Driver Disabled. —If no one is available to take his place, 
put the two drivers on the lead and wheel horses. The centre horses 
will, as a rule, be amenable by themselves. 
I may add that I stop in the middle of battery parades nearly always, 
give one of these cases, and go on drilling with the teams improvised. 
All my centre horses are constantly sent to drill-order and driving-drill 
as wheelers, and have to undergo riding as well as shaft work. This 
ensures little trouble in getting them into any place required, and ac¬ 
customs them to being suddenly called upon to do things out of the 
ordinary groove. 
A ready method of making a driving-rein, in any case where the off 
horse has to be ridden, is this :—Unbuckle the buckle on the leading- 
rein and run the buckle up the rein to within about eight inches of the 
end of the loop, then make a thumb knot with the rein, tight up against 
the buckle, throw the rein over the horse’s head and there you have an 
excellent driving-rein. 
To do this takes 30 seconds at the outside. 
