CHANZY S CAMPAIGN.—APPENDIX. 
107 
5 th.—As to instruction of soldiers, its object is to prepare men to fight. It 
ought, therefore, to be adapted to the circumstances of modern warfare. 
Each individual soldier, every unit of the military organisation, ought 
to be taught to march, to bivouac, and to fight. Military education 
should be practical, and should, as far as possible, give a clear idea of 
what would take place in battle. It should be national moreover—it 
should not be a mere imitation of what suits other lands. Every 
people has its own aptitudes and defects ; the former should be developed, 
the latter cured. Above all things the morale of the men should be 
brought up to the level of their responsibilities. 
6th.—The administration of military affairs should be entrusted to persons 
thoroughly qualified for providing for military exigencies, and to them 
only, all other political exigencies being resolutely kept in the back¬ 
ground. 
7th.—Not only should the military establishments of the nation be complete 
in every respect, they should also be available at once. The distribu¬ 
tion of materials should be easy and rapid; the weapons should be of 
the highest quality and of the newest and best pattern. The fortresses 
should be in the most suitable positions, should boast of the newest 
devices of engineering, should be constantly brought into line with the 
progress of the military science. So called economy is often more foolish 
than dissolute waste. 
Capture oe Le Mans.—Result of the Battle. 
It was not until the following day, January 13, that Prince Erederick Charles 
thought it prudent to remove his head-quarters to the prefecture of the captured 
town. The Grand-Duke of Mecklenburg was sent towards Alen^on, which in a 
few days experienced the fate of Le Mans. The 18th Division pushed on and oc¬ 
cupied the entrenched camp at Coulie. The 10th Corps was sent on towards Laval, 
but found the bridges broken up, and was not sufficiently strong to overcome such 
opposition as Chanzy’s troops were still able to offer. At Le Mans and Coulie an 
enormous quantity of arms, ammunition, food, and what was even of more con¬ 
sequence, railway materials and rolling stock fell into the hands of the Germans. 
On the 16th Prince Frederick Charles reported that in the engagements from the 
6tli of January to that date he and the Grand-Duke of Mecklenburg had taken 
from the enemy more than 22,000 unwounded prisoners, two colours, nineteen 
guns, and more than 1000 loaded ammunition conveyances, besides a large 
quantity of arms and other war material. The army of the Loire was, in fact, 
broken up, and with it Paris had lost its best hope of relief. The losses of the 
Germans in the fighting about Le Mans amounted, in killed, wounded, and 
prisoners, to 177 officers and 3203 men.— Hozier. 
An Engagement.—Brives, January 9th. 
On the 9th, at 2 p.m., the Division continued its march toward Brives, along 
the left bank of the brook. But, to the inconvenience which snow and fog caused 
this day to all the troops of the army were added in the case of the Xth Corps, 
the extraordinary difficulties which were entailed at this time of the year in march¬ 
ing through hilly country, full of steep slopes, ravines, and hollow roads. Cavalry 
and artillery had to dismount and lead their horses; every falling horse detained 
the column. The General Commanding had to ride on a limber; the Head- 
Quarter Staff marched on foot. The Corps Artillery could not be employed at 
all, and could scarcely be brought along the frozen defiles. It was sent back at 
noon to Lavenay, by way of Le Pont-de-Braye, under escort, with the view of 
advancing on the following day by the better road through Yance. 
General v. Woyna, in accordance with the orders which he had received, had 
