SILVER MEDAL PRIZE ESSAY, 1894 . 
359 
first two Brigade Divisions of the 1st Regiment form the artillery of 
the 1st Infantry Division, and the first two Brigade Divisions of the 
2nd Regiment form that of the 2nd Infantry Division. The Corps 
Artillery is formed from the 3rd Brigade Division of each regiment, 
and the Horse Artillery Brigade Division of the 2nd Regiment. The 
4th Brigade Division of the 1st Regiment remains behind on mobilis¬ 
ation to form the Artillery of the Reserve Divisions. This organisation 
gives 20 batteries (120 guns) to each German Corps. 1 
The normal organisation of the French Artillery is more homogene- Normal or- 
ous. 3 A Brigade containing two regiments is assigned to each Corps. Xe French 1 
The 1st Regiment has 12 Field Batteries organised in four Brigade Aniiieryat 
Divisions; the 2nd Regiment has nine Field Batteries (three Frigade Tate? 11 
Divisions) and a Brigade Division of three Horse Artillery Batteries. 
Two Brigade Divisions from the 1st Regiment are allotted to each of 
the Infantry Divisions. The Corps Artillery receives two Brigade Divi¬ 
sions (six Field Batteries) from the 2nd Regiment and two of the Horse 
Artillery Batteries. The 3rd Brigade Division of the 2nd Regiment is 
kept in reserve on mobilisation, and the 3rd Horse Artillery Battery is 
detached with one of the independent Cavalry Divisions. A French 
Corps would thus take the field with the same number of guns as a 
German Corps. 
The normal organisation of an English Corps as at present fixed is in Normal or- 
three Infantry Divisions, to each of which is allotted one Brigade the ArtmTy 
Division of three Field Batteries. The Corps Artillery contains one gorps E at g the 
Brigade Division of three Field Batteries, and one Brigade Division of presentdate. 
two Horse Artillery Batteries. 14 batteries (84 guns) are thus brought 
into the field. To bring the artillery strength of an English Corps up 
to that of a French or German Corps it would be necessary to add 
two Brigade Divisions (six batteries), which, under the existing organ¬ 
isation, would probably be allotted to the Corps Artillery. 
The above facts show that in the English, French, and German armies The Brigade 
the next tactical organisation above the battery is the Brigade Division ‘tKeTat? 
of three batteries—Horse Artillery Brigade Divisions only containing 
two batteries. The number three has no special tactical significance, organisation 
but appears originally to have been chosen to suit the distribution of battery. 6 
batteries between the Infantry Divisions and the Corps Artillery. 
The experience of peace manoeuvres has since proved that the Brigade 
Division of three batteries is well adapted for tactical purposes. 3 Four 
batteries are too many for effective command, while, if only two 
batteries are brigaded together, there is an unnecessary multiplicity of 
Commanders subordinate to the superior Artillery Commander of the 
Corps. The Brigade Division of three batteries has now become the 
normal brigade unit of Field Artillery. 4 * This will be the tactical 
1 Five guns per 1000 fighting men. 
2 “ Hand-book of the French Army,” 1891. Edited by Captain Charles a Court. 
3 In the Italian and Roumanian Artillery the Brigade Division has four batteries (each of eight 
guns). In Russia the tactical organisation of the artillery differs entirely from that of any other 
Power. There is no Corps Artillery; the whole of the batteries march with the Infantry and 
Cavalry Divisions—only 108 guns being brought into the field with each corps. Field Batteries 
have eight guns each, Horse Artillery Batteries, six. 
* “Employment by Brigade Divisions is the rule; the isolated action of batteries is exceptional.” 
c Drill Regulations of the German Field Artillery, 1892.” 
