MEASUREMENT OF DISTANCE 
13 
off in the direction of the line to be measured. Just before 
the chain is all drawn out the rear man calls out “ chain ” 
or “ halt,” and prepares to hold his end of the chain on 
the mark. The rear man lines in the other, by the com¬ 
pass ahead, by stakes left, or by the marks and bushing 
TABLE SHOWING ERROR CAUSED BY CHAINING ALONG 
GROUND OF DIFFERENT DEGREES OF SLOPE 
Slope. 
Error. 
In feet 
per 100. 
In degrees. 
In feet 
per mile. 
In links 
per chain. 
2 
U 
1.0 
.02 
4 
2i 
4.3 
.1 
6 
3f 
9.5 
.2 
8 
4* 
16.7 
.3 
9 
51 
21.2 
.4 
10 
5| 
26.1 
.5 
along the line. Kinks are shaken out, the chain is levelled, 
and proper tension is applied. When all is ready and the 
rear man has his handle firmly held on the mark, he calls 
out “ stick” to the leader who sets his pin at once and 
calls “ stuck.” When the rear man hears this signal, and 
not before , he pulls his pin and both men move quickly 
forward, repeating the operation till the head man has 
stuck his last pin or has reached the end of the line. 
When the head man has stuck his last pin he calls 
“ tally.” The rear man then drops his end of the chain, 
counts the pins to make sure that none has been lost, and, 
going forward, gives them to the head man who counts 
them again. The tally is marked down and a stake left at 
the point for reference in case of a lost pin or other cause 
of debate in the next tally. Pins should be set plumb, and, 
in general surveying practice, the point held to is the point 
at which they enter the ground. In the brush and “down 
stuff” of some woods lines, however, it is sometimes neces- 
