28 
ancestor or chief, or several ? Do they derive their name from 
his P and does it appear that he is an eponymic personage, 
invented to account for the existence of the tribe or race P 
9. Do families trace their descent from a single ancestor ? and 
does he appear to be real or mythic ? 
10. Do the people believe themselves indigenes in their land, 
or to have come from elsewhere ? 11. Do they consider other 
tribes, related to them by language, as having branched off from 
them, or vice versa , or all from some other national source? 
12. What have they to say of former migrations? 13. Do 
they believe their nation was once poorer and smaller, and has 
increased and improved, or that their ancestors were a greater 
and wiser and happier nation than themselves ? 14. What do 
they say as to the invention of their arts, the origin of their 
customs and laws, &c. ? 15. What are their traditions of 
national heroes ? do they seem historical or mythic ? 16. What 
have they to say as to the introduction and changes of their 
religion, invention of new ceremonies, &c. ? 17. Have they 
traditions to account for monuments, such as old graves, 
mounds, sites of villages, &c., in their district ? 18. Any tra¬ 
ditions of great floods ? 
No. XIX.—ARCHAEOLOGY. 
By Col. A. LANE FOX. 
Much information is wanted respecting the archaeology of 
savage and barbarous countries. Most of the stone implements 
received from Australia and the Pacific islands are of recent 
manufacture, and no evidence has yet come to hand to throw 
light on the origin and duration of the stone period of culture 
in those regions. In New Zealand, however, something has 
been effected in this direction by discoveries in ancient deposits. 
In Japan, evidence of a stone age corresponding in its forms to 
our neolithic period has been discovered, but no trace of a 
bronze age. From China we have received specimens of both 
stone and bronze implements; but detailed evidence on the 
subject is wanting. From the Asiatic islands a few stone and 
bronze implements have been received. In Birmah stone and 
bronze implements have been discovered. In India three 
periods have been recognized, corresponding to our palaeolithic, 
neolithic, and bronze periods; but comparatively little is known 
