29 
as yet respecting them. From Central and Northern Asia infor- 
mation is wanted respecting both stone and bronze implements. 
Stone implements of neolithic forms have been found at the 
Cape of Good Hope and in Western Africa. Palaeolithic forms 
have also been found at the Cape of Good Hope; but we have 
no evidence of their being of the palaeolithic period. In North 
and South America relics of the stone age are more abundant, 
and a bronze period is recognized in the central regions of 
America. When it is considered that the palaeolithic imple¬ 
ments of Europe have only attracted the attention of archaeolo¬ 
gists during the last fifteen years, it is not surprising that in 
uncultivated countries so little should be known of the relics 
that are hidden beneath the soil. It is very desirable that, 
when opportunity offers, the river-drifts and cave-deposits 
should be examined for the relics of a past age, and that the 
attention of travellers should be directed to the debris scattered 
on the surface and in the surface-soils turned up by cultivation 
for the vestiges of a more advanced stone period. The ancient 
tombs and tumuli should also be examined, and their relics 
preserved whenever it can be done without offending the super¬ 
stitions of the people. 
Palceolithic Period (.Piver-drift ).—1. Notice any evidence 
that may exist of the erosion of valleys by their rivers. 
2. Do terraces exist on the sides of the valleys ? how many, 
at what heights above the existing rivers, and at what dis¬ 
tances from their present courses ? 3. Do such terraces and 
drift-deposits consist of gravel, sand, or other alluvial matter P 
and are the deposits stratified as if by the action of running 
water ? 4. Are the materials all derived from the present area 
of drainage ? 5. Do they contain freshwater or marine shells, 
human or other animal remains, or stone implements ? if so, pre¬ 
serve them carefully. 6. Label each specimen with the lo¬ 
cality at once, and give sections to scale showing the exact depth 
beneath the surface at which the remains were found : note the 
thickness of the various stratified layers above them, and obtain 
as nearly as possible the height above the existing river. 
7. What is the growth of timber upon the terraces ? and is there* 
any marked difference in the flora of the different terraces ? 
8. What is the excavating-power of the river at the present 
time, as shown by the damage caused by floods ? how high do 
the floods of the river rise at present ? is the present bed of the 
river rising or sinking ? 9. Should opportunity occur, look for 
implements chiefly at the bottom of the gravels between the 
