6 
and trouble, to have ready slips of paper, with numbers running 
vertically from 1 to 69. Others may be prepared containing 
only some of the more important numbers, e. g. 1 , 5 , either 7 or 
13 , 17 , 18 , 26; of the head, 30 , 31 , 34 , 37 , 44; of the skull, 
48, 50 , 51 , 55 , 56 , 57 . Or the first 29 may be taken, with 30 , 
31 , 34 , 37 , 44 . 
Is any relation apparent between differences in form and 
size and the local, dietary, or other influences operating on the 
people P e. g. elevation of land, presence or absence of wood, 
moisture or dryness of air, abundance or scarcity of animal or 
vegetable food, use of fermented or distilled liquor or of 
narcotics. 
No. III.—ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 
Ey Dn. BEDDOE, F.K.S. 
> 
Observations on temperature of body and on respiration, 
taken in very cold or very hot climates or in very elevated 
regions, would be valuable, but only if taken with extreme care. 
It is thought that the normal temperature is the same in all 
latitudes. 
1. Take the temperature either under the tongue with the 
mouth closed, or under the axilla, the arm being closely pressed 
to the side, and the bulb left undisturbed for at least 5 minutes. 
The subject should be at rest in the shade, and should not have 
eaten just previously. 
2. Pulse and respiration, rates of, at rest. State whether 
standing, sitting, or lying j state also period of the day, and 
adhere to the same hour if possible. The rate of breathing 
should be observed for at least 1 minute, and without the sub¬ 
ject’s being aware that he is under observation. 
3. Do the people bear cold well P or bear exposure to direct 
rays of sun ? Do they expose their heads to the sun uncovered ? 
How do they bear privation of food, or drink, or sleep ? 
4. Are the muscles generally deep red or pale ? 5. Has the 
fat a strongly yellow tinge ? 6. Are the mucous membranes 
(lining of mouth especially) stained with pigment ? 7. Is the 
